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Infektiologisch relevante Fadenpilze - Erregerspektrum und Haufigkeit in der Umwelt des Menschen

机译：与传染病有关的丝状真菌-人类环境中的病原体谱和频率

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Opportunistic filamentous fungi - species spectrum and abundance in the human environmentFungal contaminations in indoor environments are of increasing importance in indoor hygiene. Here, thermotolerant aspergilli that are classical infectious agents are of minor importance, because they do not proliferate at the prevailing temperatures in buildings, although they can accumulate in house dust. However, concentrations of some species that are indicators of humidity are increasing and also show a tendency for thermotolerance. Some of these taxa host species which have been gaining importance as rare opportunistic fungi in immune-compromised patients. The incidence of such infections is unknown, but antimycotic treatment is mostly difficult, as these fungi often carry intrinsic resistance mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to estimate the exposure to such species and determine it in detail. The publication gives a first insight into the concentrations of thermotolerant taxa in different environments (natural habitats, clinic) and summarizes concentrations of selected genera hosting rare opportunistic fungi in indoor environments (reference values, house dust and air). Although data on concentrations of thermotolerant aspergilli in the human environment are sparse, there are hints that concentrations of A fumigotus increase with increasing anthropogenic influence in the environment. In interior finishes with humidity problems species such as Fusarium solani, species from the Trichoderma longibmchiatum Section and Acremonium-species occur as humidity indicators. The biology of these rare infectious fungi can give information for hygienic risk assessment.The risk for immune-compromised patients to be exposed to rare infectious fungi must be minimised, as treatment of such infections is difficult because of intrinsic resistance to antimycotics.
机译：机会性丝状真菌-人类环境中的物种谱和丰富度室内环境中的真菌污染在室内卫生中越来越重要。在这里，作为经典传染源的耐高温曲霉菌的重要性不高，因为它们虽然会积聚在房屋的灰尘中，但不会在建筑物的盛行温度下繁殖。但是，作为湿度指示剂的某些物种的浓度正在增加，并且也显示出耐热性的趋势。这些类群宿主物种中有一些已经在免疫受损的患者中作为稀有的机会性真菌变得越来越重要。此类感染的发生率未知，但抗真菌剂治疗通常很困难，因为这些真菌通常具有内在的耐药机制。因此，重要的是估算并详细确定此类物种的暴露量。该出版物提供了对不同环境（自然栖息地，诊所）中耐热类群浓度的初步了解，并总结了室内环境中包含罕见机会性真菌的选定属的浓度（参考值，房屋灰尘和空气）。尽管关于人类环境中耐热曲霉浓度的数据很少，但有迹象表明，随着环境中人为影响的增加，烟曲霉的浓度也会增加。在存在湿度问题的室内装修中，诸如枯萎镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）物种，长木霉属（Trichoderma longibmchiatum）截面和顶孢属（Acremonium）物种作为湿度指示剂出现。这些稀有感染性真菌的生物学特性可为卫生风险评估提供信息。必须将免疫受损患者暴露于稀有感染性真菌的风险降到最低，因为由于对真菌的内在抗性，治疗此类感染很困难。

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