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General emotion processing in social anxiety disorder: Neural issues of cognitive control

机译：社交焦虑症中的一般情绪处理：认知控制的神经问题

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Anxiety disorders are characterized by deficient emotion regulation prior to and in anxiety-evoking situations. Patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) have increased brain activation also during the anticipation and perception of non-specific emotional stimuli pointing to biased general emotion processing. In the current study we addressed the neural correlates of emotion regulation by cognitive control during the anticipation and perception of non-specific emotional stimuli in patients with SAD. Thirty-two patients with SAD underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during the announced anticipation and perception of emotional stimuli. Half of them were trained and instructed to apply reality-checking as a control strategy, the others anticipated and perceived the stimuli. Reality checking significantly (p<0.01) reduced activity in insular, amygdalar and medial thalamic areas during the anticipation and perception of negative emotional stimuli. The medial prefrontal cortex was comparably active in both groups (p>0.50). The results suggest that cognitive control in patients with SAD influences emotion processing structures, supporting the usefulness of emotion regulation training in the psychotherapy of SAD. In contrast to studies in healthy subjects, cognitive control was not associated with increased activation of prefrontal regions in SAD. This points to possibly disturbed general emotion regulating circuits in SAD.
机译：焦虑症的特征是在引起焦虑之前和在引起焦虑的情况下缺乏情绪调节。社交焦虑症（SAD）的患者在预期和感知非特异性情绪刺激的过程中也增加了大脑的激活能力，这表明偏向于一般性情绪加工。在当前的研究中，我们探讨了在SAD患者对非特异性情绪刺激的预期和感知过程中，通过认知控制进行情绪调节的神经相关性。在宣布的对情绪刺激的预期和感知过程中，对32例SAD患者进行了功能磁共振成像。他们中的一半受到了培训，并被指示将现实检查作为一种控制策略，其他人则预期并意识到了这种刺激。在对负性情绪刺激的预期和感知过程中，现实检查显着（p <0.01）减少了岛，杏仁体和丘脑内侧区域的活动。两组的前额叶内侧皮层相对活跃（p> 0.50）。结果表明，SAD患者的认知控制会影响情绪处理结构，从而支持情绪调节训练在SAD心理治疗中的有用性。与健康受试者的研究相反，认知控制与SAD中前额叶区域的激活增加无关。这表明SAD中可能会干扰一般的情绪调节电路。

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