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Rational Design of Chiral Lithium Amides for Asymmetric Alkylation Reactions-NMR Spectroscopic Studiesof Mixed Lithium Amide/Alkyllithium Compelxes

机译:用于不对称烷基化反应的手性锂酰胺的合理设计-NMR光谱研究酰胺化锂/烷基锂混合物

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摘要

Treatmetn of solutions of chiral lithium amides, containing internally coordinating groups, in diethyl ether (DEE) with alkyllithiums resutls in teh formation of chiral lithium amide/alkyl-lithium mixed dimers. We report the use of eght different chiral lithium amides/ n-butyllithium mixed dimers int eh asymmetric alkylaito of benzaldehyde in DEE solution at - 116deg C. The additio product, (S)-1-phenyl-1-pentanol, was formed with enantiomeric excesses (ee's) ranging from 0 to 82%. In DEE/ dimethoxy methane solvent mixtures the stereoselectivity was improved and gave the product in 91% ee. Comparison of the ligand structures revealed that only one chiral center was necessary to obtian high enantioselectivity. Replacement ofthe internally coordinating methoxy group with a pyrrolidine group lowered the ee from 82% to 24Y. Low-temperature ~6Li NMR studies of mixtures fo these reagents in DEE revealed large differences in the concentration or the reactivemixed dimers ofrmed. Full complexation of nBuLi to the chiral lithium amides is not necessary in order to obtian high enantioselectivity, as the result of an increased reactivity of the complexed nBuLi.
机译:在具有烷基锂的乙醚(DEE)中处理含有内部配位基团的手性锂酰胺溶液,可以形成手性锂酰胺/烷基锂混合二聚体。我们报道了在-116°C下在DEE溶液中使用不同的手性锂酰胺/正丁基锂混合的二聚体在苯甲醛的不对称烷基氨基中的生成。(S)-1-苯基-1-戊醇的加成产物与对映异构体形成超出部分(ee)从0到82%。在DEE /二甲氧基甲烷溶剂混合物中,立体选择性得到改善,产物收率为ee的91%。配体结构的比较表明,仅一个手性中心对于提高高对映选择性是必需的。用吡咯烷基团取代内部配位的甲氧基将ee从82%降低至24Y。这些试剂在DEE中的混合物的低温〜6Li NMR研究显示浓度或反应混合的二聚体形成很大的差异。 nBuLi与手性锂酰胺的完全络合不是必须的,因为络合的nBuLi的反应性提高了,因此对映选择性很高。

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