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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >GABA and glutamate receptors have different effects on excitability and are differentially regulated by calcium in spider mechanosensory neurons
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GABA and glutamate receptors have different effects on excitability and are differentially regulated by calcium in spider mechanosensory neurons

机译：GABA和谷氨酸受体对兴奋性的影响不同，并且受蜘蛛机械感觉神经元中钙的差异调节。

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GABA and glutamate receptors belonging to the ligand-gated chloride-channel family are primary targets of insecticides and antiparasitics, so their molecular structure, pharmacology and biophysical properties have attracted significant attention. However, little is known about the physiological roles of these channels or how they regulate neuronal excitability and animal behavior. Mechanosensory neurons of VS-3 slit sensilla in the patella of the tropical wandering spider, Cupiennius salei, react to the GABAA-receptor agonists, GABA and muscimol, with depolarization and an increase in intracellular [Ca2+] and, during random noise stimulation, with a mixed inhibitory-excitatory response. We established that the GABAA-receptors in all VS-3 neurons are identical, but there are at least two types of glutamate receptors and some neurons do not respond to glutamate at all. Immunohistochemistry with antibodies against Drosophila inhibitory glutamate receptor (GluCls) α-subunit suggests that in addition to VS-3 neurons, these receptors may also be present in the efferent neurons surrounding the sensory neurons. Most VS-3 neurons were inhibited but not depolarized by glutamate during random stimulation, but some depolarized and had a similar excitatory-inhibitory response to glutamate as to muscimol. The membrane-permeable Ca2+-chelator BAPTA-AM abolished muscimol effects but potentiated glutamate effects, indicating that GABA and glutamate receptors are differentially modulated by Ca2+, leading to diverse regulation of neuronal excitability. We hypothesize that this could be achieved by different Ca2+-triggered phosphorylation processes at each receptor type. These findings are important for understanding the significance of Ca2+-mediated regulation of transmitter receptor molecules and its role in controlling excitability.
机译：属于配体-门控氯通道家族的GABA和谷氨酸受体是杀虫剂和抗寄生虫的主要目标，因此它们的分子结构，药理学和生物物理特性引起了人们的极大关注。但是，关于这些通道的生理作用或它们如何调节神经元兴奋性和动物行为的了解甚少。热带游走蜘蛛Cupiennius salei的骨中VS-3狭缝感官的机械感觉神经元对GABAA受体激动剂GABA和麝香酚起反极化作用，并引起细胞内[Ca2 +]的增加，并且在随机噪声刺激下，混合的抑制性-兴奋性反应。我们确定所有VS-3神经元中的GABAA受体都是相同的，但是至少存在两种​​类型的谷氨酸受体，并且某些神经元根本不响应谷氨酸。用果蝇抑制性谷氨酸受体（GluCls）α亚基抗体进行的免疫组织化学研究表明，除了VS-3神经元外，这些受体还可能存在于感觉神经元周围的传出神经元中。在随机刺激过程中，大多数VS-3神经元均被谷氨酸抑制但未被去极化，但是一些去极化并且对谷氨酸的兴奋抑制反应与麝香酚相似。膜可渗透的Ca2 +螯合剂BAPTA-AM取消了麝香酚的作用，但增强了谷氨酸的作用，表明GABA和谷氨酸受体受Ca2 +的差异调节，从而导致神经元兴奋性的多种调节。我们假设这可以通过在每种受体类型上不同的Ca2 +触发的磷酸化过程来实现。这些发现对于理解Ca2 +介导的递质受体分子调控及其在控制兴奋性中的作用非常重要。

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