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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Different stressors produce excitation or inhibition of mesolimbic dopamine neuron activity: Response alteration by stress pre-exposure
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Different stressors produce excitation or inhibition of mesolimbic dopamine neuron activity: Response alteration by stress pre-exposure

机译：不同的应激源会激发或抑制中脑边缘多巴胺神经元活性：应激预暴露引起的反应改变

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摘要

Stressors can exert a wide variety of responses, ranging from adaptive responses to pathological changes; moreover, recent studies suggest that mild stressors can attenuate the response of a system to major stressful events. We have previously shown that 2-week exposure to cold, a comparatively mild inescapable stressor, induced a pronounced reduction in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neuron activity, whereas restraint stress increases DA neuron activity. However, it is not known if these stressors differentially impact the VTA in a region-specific manner, if they differentially impact behavioral responses, or whether the effects of such different stressors are additive or antagonistic with regard to their impact on DA neuron firing. To address these questions, single-unit extracellular recordings were performed in anesthetized control rats and rats exposed to chronic cold, and tested after delivery of a 2-h restraint session. Chronic cold stress strongly attenuated the number of DA neurons firing in the VTA, and this effect occurred primarily in the medial and central VTA regions that preferentially project to reward-related ventral striatal regions. Chronic cold exposure also prevented the pronounced increase in DA neuron population activity without affecting the behavioral sensitization to amphetamine produced by restraint stress. Taken together, these data show that a prolonged inescapable mild stressor can induce plastic changes that attenuate the DA system response to acute stress.
机译：压力源可以施加多种反应，从适应性反应到病理变化;此外，最近的研究表明，轻度压力源可以减弱系统对主要压力事件的响应。我们以前已经表明，暴露于相对较轻的不可避免的轻度寒冷的2周后，腹侧被盖区（VTA）多巴胺（DA）神经元活性明显降低，而约束应激则增加了DA神经元活性。但是，还不知道这些压力源是否以区域特定的方式不同地影响VTA，是否它们不同地影响行为反应，或者就其对DA神经元放电的影响而言，这些不同的压力源的影响是否是累加的或拮抗的。为了解决这些问题，在麻醉的对照大鼠和暴露于慢性感冒的大鼠中进行单单位细胞外记录，并在限制2小时后进行测试。慢性冷应激强烈减弱了VTA中激活的DA神经元的数量，这种效应主要发生在内侧和中部的VTA区域，这些区域优先投射到奖励相关的腹侧纹状体区域。长期冷暴露还阻止了DA神经元种群活动的显着增加，而不会影响对束缚应激产生的苯丙胺的行为敏感性。综上所述，这些数据表明，长时间无法逃避的轻度压力源可以诱发可塑性变化，从而削弱DA系统对急性压力的反应。

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