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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Prenatal alcohol exposure and adolescent stress - unmasking persistent attentional deficits in rats
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Prenatal alcohol exposure and adolescent stress - unmasking persistent attentional deficits in rats

机译：产前酒精暴露和青春期压力-掩盖大鼠持续的注意力缺陷

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Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can produce a myriad of deficits. Unfortunately, affected individuals may also be exposed to the stress of an adverse home environment, contributing to deficits of attentional processes that are the hallmark of optimal executive function. Male offspring of ad-libitum-fed Control (Con), Pairfed (PF), and PAE dams were randomly assigned to either a 5-day period of variable chronic mild stress (CMS) or no CMS in adolescence. In adulthood, rats were trained in a non-match to sample task (T-maze), followed by extensive assessment in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Once rats acquired the five-choice serial reaction time task (stable accuracy), they were tested in three challenge conditions: (i) increased sustained attention, (ii) selective attention and, (iii) varying doses of d-amphetamine, an indirect dopamine and norepinephrine agonist. At birth and throughout the study, PAE offspring showed reduced body weight. Moreover, although PAE animals were similar to Con animals in task acquisition, they were progressively less proficient with transitions to shorter stimulus durations (decreased accuracy and increased omissions). Five days of adolescent CMS increased basal corticosterone levels in adolescence and disrupted cognitive performance in adulthood. Further, CMS augmented PAE-related disturbances in acquisition and, to a lesser extent, also disrupted attentional processes in Con and PF animals. Following task acquisition, challenges unmasked persistent attentional difficulties resulting from both PAE and adolescent CMS. In conclusion, PAE, adolescent CMS, and their interaction produced unique behavioural profiles that suggest vulnerability in select neurobiological processes at different stages of development.
机译：产前酒精暴露（PAE）可能会产生大量缺陷。不幸的是，受影响的个体也可能遭受不利的家庭环境的压力，导致注意力分散，这是最佳执行功能的标志。随意给食的对照（Con），成对的（PF）和PAE大坝的雄性后代被随机分配为5天的可变慢性轻度应激（CMS）或青春期无CMS。成年后，对大鼠进行不匹配样本任务（T型迷宫）的训练，然后对五项选择连续反应时间任务进行广泛评估。一旦大鼠获得了五项选择的连续反应时间任务（稳定的准确性），就在三种挑战条件下对其进行了测试：（i）持续注意力的增加，（ii）选择性注意力的影响，（iii）间接剂量的d-苯异丙胺多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素激动剂。在出生时和整个研究过程中，PAE后代的体重均降低。此外，尽管PAE动物在任务获取方面与Con动物相似，但是它们逐渐不那么熟练地过渡到较短的刺激持续时间（准确性降低和遗漏增加）。青春期CMS的五天增加了青春期基础皮质酮水平，并破坏了成年期的认知能力。此外，CMS增加了与PAE相关的获取障碍，并且在较小程度上还破坏了Con和PF动物的注意力过程。完成任务后，挑战掩盖了PAE和青少年CMS造成的持续注意力困难。总之，PAE，青春期CMS及其相互作用产生了独特的行为特征，表明在不同发育阶段的特定神经生物学过程中存在脆弱性。

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