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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Excitotoxic lesions of the rhinal cortex in the baboon differentially affect visual recognition memory, habit memory and spatial executive functions.
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Excitotoxic lesions of the rhinal cortex in the baboon differentially affect visual recognition memory, habit memory and spatial executive functions.

机译：狒狒鼻皮质的兴奋性毒性损害会不同地影响视觉识别记忆，习惯记忆和空间执行功能。

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摘要

To specify the functional role of the rhinal cortex, baboons with bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the rhinal cortex (RH group) were tested on a series of computerized memory and learning tasks. Preoperatively, they were trained to and then tested on a delayed nonmatching-to-sample (DNMS) task with trial-unique stimuli. Postoperatively, this visual recognition memory task was given twice. As compared to a sham-operated group, the RH group showed good retention of rule learning and were unimpaired on the Delay memory subtest. Performance on the List Length memory subtest was, however, severely impaired at both postoperative evaluations, with a significant negative correlation between cognitive performance and neuronal loss in rhinal areas. Visual habit memory and spatial working memory were assessed postoperatively only, using a concurrent discrimination learning task and both a delayed-response task (with a two- and four-location choice) and a delayed alternation task, respectively. The RH group was unimpaired on the first two tasks and was even faster than the controls in learning the delayed-response task with four locations. Finally, most RH baboons failed to learn the delayed alternation task within the limits of testing. These results indicate that neuronal loss in the rhinal cortex is sufficient to impair visual recognition memory, and extend the implication of this area to spatial executive functions. Furthermore, the observation of impaired recognition memory and executive processes with preserved procedural memory and retrograde memory suggests that damage to the rhinal cortex probably participates in the cognitive deficits typical of the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
机译：为了说明鼻皮质的功能作用，在一系列计算机记忆和学习任务上测试了具有双侧鼻皮质兴奋性损害的狒狒（RH组）。术前，他们接受了训练，然后在具有试验独特刺激的延迟不匹配样本（DNMS）任务上进行了测试。术后，该视觉识别记忆任务进行了两次。与假手术组相比，RH组表现出良好的规则学习记忆力，并且在延迟记忆子测试中没有受损。然而，在两次术后评估中，“表长记忆”子测试的表现均受到严重损害，在鼻部区域的认知表现与神经元丧失之间存在显着的负相关性。视觉习惯记忆和空间工作记忆仅在术后进行评估，分别使用并发的歧视学习任务和延迟反应任务（有两位置和四位置选择）和延迟交替任务。 RH组在前两个任务上没有受到损害，并且在学习四个位置的延迟响应任务方面比对照组更快。最后，大多数RH狒狒在测试范围内未能学习延迟的轮换任务。这些结果表明，鼻皮质的神经元丢失足以损害视觉识别记忆，并将这一区域的含义扩展到空间执行功能。此外，观察到受损的识别记忆和执行过程以及保留的程序记忆和逆行记忆表明，对鼻皮质的损害可能参与了阿尔茨海默氏病早期典型的认知缺陷。

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