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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Adaptive loss of ultraviolet-sensitive/violet-sensitive (UVS/VS) cone opsin in the blind mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi).
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Adaptive loss of ultraviolet-sensitive/violet-sensitive (UVS/VS) cone opsin in the blind mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi).

机译：盲mole鼠（Spalax ehrenbergi）对紫外线敏感/紫外线敏感（UVS / VS）视锥蛋白的适应性丧失。

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摘要

In previous studies, fully functional rod and long-wavelength-sensitive (LWS) cone photopigments have been isolated from the eye of the subterranean blind mole rat (Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies). Spalax possesses subcutaneous atrophied eyes and lacks any ability to respond to visual images. By contrast this animal retains the ability to entrain circadian rhythms of locomotor behaviour to environmental light cues. As this is the only known function of the eye, the rod and LWS photopigments are thought to mediate this response. Most mammals are dichromats possessing, in addition to a single rod photopigment, two classes of cone photopigment, LWS and ultraviolet-sensitive/violet-sensitive (UVS/VS) with differing spectral sensitivities which mediate colour vision. In this paper we explore whether Spalax is a dichromat and has the potential to use colour discrimination for photoentrainment. Using immunocytochemistry and molecular approaches we demonstrate that Spalax is a LWS monochromat. Spalax lacks a functional UVS/VS cone photopigment due to the accumulation of several deleterious mutational changes that have rendered the gene nonfunctional. Using phylogenetic analysis we show that the loss of this class of photoreceptor is likely to have arisen from the visual ecology of this species, and is not an artefact of having an ancestor which lacked a functional UVS/VS cone photopigment. We conclude that colour discrimination is not a prerequisite for photoentrainment in this species.
机译：在以前的研究中，已经从地下盲mole鼠（Spalax ehrenbergi superspecies）的眼中分离出功能齐全的棒状和长波敏感（LWS）锥状色素。 Spalax拥有皮下萎缩的眼睛，并且对视觉图像没有任何反应能力。相反，该动物保留了将运动行为的昼夜节律带入环境光提示的能力。由于这是眼睛的唯一已知功能，因此认为杆和LWS色素可介导这种反应。大多数哺乳动物是双色差动物，除了单个杆状色素外，还具有两类视锥状色素：LWS和紫外线敏感/紫外线敏感（UVS / VS），它们具有不同的光谱敏感性，介导色觉。在本文中，我们探讨了Spalax是否是双色差的，是否有可能使用颜色识别进行光夹带。使用免疫细胞化学和分子方法，我们证明了Spalax是LWS单色仪。 Spalax缺乏功能性的UVS / VS锥状色素沉着，原因是积累了一些有害的突变，这些突变已使基因失去功能。使用系统发育分析，我们表明此类光感受器的丧失很可能是由于该物种的视觉生态学引起的，而不是具有缺少功能性UVS / VS锥状色素的祖先的假象。我们得出的结论是，颜色辨别不是该物种中光携带的先决条件。

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