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Advanced nanocomposites for bone regeneration

机译:用于骨骼再生的高级纳米复合材料

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摘要

The field of orthopedic tissue engineering is quickly expanding with the development of novel materials and strategies designed for rapid bone regeneration. While autologous bone grafts continue to be the standard of care, drawbacks include donor-site morbidity and short tissue supplies. Herein we report a novel nanocomposite sponge composed of poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate) (POC) and the bioactive ceramic β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). We show that these nanocomposite sponges can be used as a depot for bone-producing (a.k.a. osteogenic) growth factors. In vitro bioactivity is demonstrated by significant upregulation of osteogenic genes, osteopontin (~3 fold increase), osteocalcin (~22 fold increase), alkaline phosphatase (~10 fold increase), and transcription factor, RUNX2 (~5 fold increase) over basal expression levels in mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo osteogenicity and biocompatibility is demonstrated in a standard subcutaneous implant model in rat. Results show that the nanocomposite sponge supports complete cell infiltration, minimal adverse foreign body response, positive cellular proliferation, and cellular expression of osteogenic markers in subcutaneous tissue. The results shown herein are encouraging and support the use of this sponge for future bone tissue engineering efforts.
机译:随着新型材料和旨在快速骨再生的策略的发展,整形外科组织工程领域正在迅速扩展。尽管自体骨移植仍是护理的标准,但缺点包括供体部位发病率和组织供应不足。本文中,我们报告了一种新型的纳米复合海绵,该海绵由聚(1,8-辛二醇-柠檬酸酯)(POC)和生物活性陶瓷β-磷酸三钙(TCP)组成。我们表明,这些纳米复合海绵可以用作骨生成(也称为成骨​​)生长因子的储库。成骨基因,骨桥蛋白(增加约3倍),骨钙素(增加约22倍),碱性磷酸酶(增加约10倍),转录因子,RUNX2(增加约5倍)显着上调证明了体外生物活性。间充质干细胞中的表达水平在大鼠的标准皮下植入模型中证明了体内成骨性和生物相容性。结果表明,纳米复合海绵支持完全的细胞浸润,最小的不良异物反应,阳性细胞增殖以及皮下组织中成骨标记物的细胞表达。本文显示的结果令人鼓舞,并支持将该海绵用于未来的骨组织工程研究。

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