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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Distance segregation of sex chromosomes in crane-fly spermatocytes studied using laser microbeam irradiations
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Distance segregation of sex chromosomes in crane-fly spermatocytes studied using laser microbeam irradiations

机译：激光微束辐照研究鹤蝇精母细胞中性染色体的距离分离

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摘要

Univalent sex chromosomes in crane-fly spermatocytes have kinetochore spindle fibres to each spindle pole (amphitelic orientation) from metaphase throughout anaphase. The univalents segregate in anaphase only after the autosomes approach the poles. As each univalent moves in anaphase, one spindle fibre shortens and the other spindle fibre elongates. To test whether the directionality of force production is fixed at anaphase, that is, whether one spindle fibre can only elongate and the other only shorten, we cut univalents in half with a laser microbeam, to create two chromatids. In both sex-chromosome metaphase and sex-chromosome anaphase, the two chromatids that were formed moved to opposite poles (to the poles to which their fibre was attached) at speeds about the same as autosomes, much faster than the usual speeds of univalent movements. Since the chromatids moved to the pole to which they were attached, independent of the direction to which the univalent as a whole was moving, the spindle fibre that normally elongates in anaphase still is able to shorten and produce force towards the pole when allowed (or caused) to do so.
机译：鹤蝇精母细胞中的单价性染色体在整个后期都从中期进入到每个纺锤极（两栖定向）的动线虫纺锤状纤维。仅当常染色体接近极点时，单价元素才在后期分离。当每个单价态后期移动时，一根纺锤状纤维会缩短，而另一根纺锤状纤维会伸长。为了检验力产生的方向性是否固定在后期，即一根纺锤形纤维只能拉长而另一根只能缩短，我们用激光微束将单价切成两半，以产生两个染色单体。在性染色体中期和性染色体后期，形成的两个染色单体以与常染色体相同的速度移动到相反的两极（连接到其纤维所附着的两极），比单价运动的通常速度快得多。 。由于染色单体移至它们所连接的极点，而与单价整体的移动方向无关，因此通常在后期阶段伸长的纺锤体纤维仍能够缩短并在允许时向极点产生作用力（或造成）。

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