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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Metal/metalloid stress tolerance in plants: role of ascorbate, its redox couple, and associated enzymes
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Metal/metalloid stress tolerance in plants: role of ascorbate, its redox couple, and associated enzymes

机译：植物对金属/准金属的胁迫耐受性：抗坏血酸，其氧化还原对和相关酶的作用

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The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under metal/metalloid stress is most common in plants, and the elevated ROS must be successfully metabolized in order tomaintain plant growth, development, and productivity. Ascorbate (AsA) is a highly abundant metabolite and a watersoluble antioxidant, which besides positively influencing various aspects in plants acts also as an enigmatic component of plant defense armory. As a significant component of the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) pathway, it performs multiple vital functions in plants including growth and development by either directly or indirectly metabolizing ROS and its products. Enzymes such as monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, EC 1.6.5.4) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1) maintain the reduced form of AsA pool besides metabolically controlling the ratio of AsA with its oxidized form (dehydroascorbate, DHA). Ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) utilizes the reduced AsA pool as the specific electron donor during ROS metabolism. Thus, AsA, its redox couple (AsA/DHA), and related enzymes (MDHAR, DHAR, and APX) cumulatively form an AsA redox system to efficiently protect plants particularly against potential anomalies caused by ROS and its products. Here we present a critical assessment of the recent research reports available on metal/metalloid-accrued modulation of reduced AsA pool, AsA/DHA redox couple and AsA-related major enzymes, and the cumulative significance of these antioxidant system components in plant metal/metalloid stress tolerance.
机译：在金属/准金属胁迫下，活性氧物种（ROS）的生成增加是植物中最常见的现象，必须成功代谢升高的ROS，以维持植物的生长，发育和生产力。抗坏血酸（AsAb）是一种高度丰富的代谢产物和一种水溶性抗氧化剂，它除了对植物各个方面产生积极影响外，还可以作为植物防御库的神秘成分。作为抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）途径的重要组成部分，它通过直接或间接代谢ROS及其产物在植物中执行多种重要功能，包括生长和发育。诸如单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（MDHAR，EC 1.6.5.4）和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR，EC 1.8.5.1）之类的酶，除了通过代谢方式控制氧化形式的AsA的比例（脱氢抗坏血酸，DHA）以外，还可以维持AsA池的还原形式。抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX，EC 1.11.1.11）在ROS代谢过程中利用减少的AsA池作为特定的电子供体。因此，AsA，其氧化还原对（AsA / DHA）和相关的酶（MDHAR，DHAR和APX）累积形成AsA氧化还原系统，以有效地保护植物，尤其是防止ROS及其产品引起的潜在异常。在这里，我们对金属/类金属对减少的AsA库，AsA / DHA氧化还原对和AsA相关的主要酶的金属/类金属应计调制的现有研究报告进行了重要评估，以及这些抗氧化剂系统成分在植物金属/类金属中的累积意义。压力承受能力。

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