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首页> 外文期刊>Protoplasma: An International Journal of Cell Biology >Ubiquitous distribution of helmchrome in phototactic swarmers of the stramenopiles
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Ubiquitous distribution of helmchrome in phototactic swarmers of the stramenopiles

机译：螺旋藻在光战术群中无处不在的分布

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Most swarmers (swimming cells) of the stramenopile group, ranging from unicellular protist to giant kelps (brown algae), have two heterogeneous flagella: a long anterior flagellum (AF) and a relatively shorter posterior flagellum (PF). These flagellated cells often exhibit phototaxis upon light stimulation, although the mechanism by which how the phototactic response is regulated remains largely unknown. A flavoprotein concentrating at the paraflagellar body (PFB) on the basal part of the PF, which can emit green autofluorescence under blue light irradiance, has been proposed as a possible blue light photoreceptor for brown algal phototaxis although the nature of the flavoprotein still remains elusive. Recently, we identified helmchrome as a PF-specific flavoprotein protein in a LC-MS/MS-based proteomics study of brown algal flagella (Fu et al. 2014). To verify the conservation of helmchrome, in the present study, the absence or presence and the localization of helmchrome in swarmers of various algal species were investigated. The results showed that helmchrome was only detected in phototactic swarmers but not the non-phototactic ones of the stramenopile group. Electron microscopy further revealed that the helmchrome detectable swarmers bear a conserved PFB-eyespot complex, which may serve as structural basis for light sensing. It is speculated that all three conserved properties: helmchrome, the PFB structure, and the eyespot apparatus, will be essential parts for phototaxis of stramenopile swarmers.
机译：从单细胞原生藻到巨型海藻（褐藻），大多数超细囊虫群（游动细胞）具有两个异质鞭毛：前鞭毛长（AF）和后鞭毛短（PF）。这些鞭毛细胞在光刺激下通常表现出趋光性，尽管如何调节光趋化反应的机制仍然未知。有人提出一种黄素蛋白集中在PF基部的鞭毛旁体（PFB）上，在蓝光照射下会发出绿色的自发荧光，尽管这种黄素蛋白的性质仍然难以捉摸，但它可能是褐藻趋光性的蓝光感光体。 。最近，在基于褐藻鞭毛的基于LC-MS / MS的蛋白质组学研究中，我们将helmchrome鉴定为PF特定的黄素蛋白（Fu等人，2014）。为了验证Helmchrome的保守性，在本研究中，研究了在各种藻类群中是否存在hechromechrome以及它们的位置。结果表明，仅在光策略性群中检出了舵铬，而在准分子群中未检测到非光度性。电子显微镜进一步显示，可检测到的Helmchrome蜂群具有保守的PFB-眼点复合物，可作为光感测的结构基础。据推测，这三种保守特性：氦铬，PFB结构和眼点装置，将成为斜视群的趋光性的重要组成部分。

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