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They're digging up the road again: The processing cost of Institutional They

机译:他们再次开辟了道路:Institutional他们的处理成本

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摘要

It is commonplace to use the pronoun they to refer to agents in certain situations without ever providing a referent, as in On the train, they served really had coffee. Such an example we call "Institutional They", because such defaults typically represent the actions of some agent tied stereotypicatly to a situation. These cases represent an important subset of unheralded pronouns (Gerrig, 1986), pronouns without any explicit antecedent. While in many situations, the occurrence of referential pronouns without explicit antecedents entails a processing cost, an eye-tracking experiment revealed no reliable detectable costs associated with Institutional They. However, there were for singular pronouns without antecedents in the same situations. We argue that Institutional They cases result from properties of plural pronouns (they and them). These will accept underspecified type-referents, while singular pronouns require specified token-referents. Failure to identify token-referents results in disruption of processing in the case of singulars, but not in the case of the plurals.
机译:在某些情况下使用代词来指代代理商而不提供指称是很平常的事,例如在火车上,他们确实喝过咖啡。我们将这样的示例称为“制度性机构”,因为此类默认值通常表示刻板印象与情境相关的某些代理的行为。这些情况代表了未称代词的重要子集(Gerrig,1986),这些代词没有任何明确的先例。虽然在许多情况下,没有明确的先行词的代词代词的出现需要处理费用,但一项眼动实验表明,没有与之相关的可靠的可检测费用。但是,在相同情况下,存在代词而没有先例。我们认为,“机构性”个案是由复数代词(它们和它们)的性质引起的。这些将接受未指定的类型引用,而单数代词则需要指定的令牌引用。在单数形式的情况下,未能识别令牌引用对象会导致处理中断,而在复数形式的情况下不会导致处理中断。

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