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Why is metabolic labour divided in nitrification?

机译：为什么将代谢劳动分为硝化作用？

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摘要

Winogradsky discovered in 1890 that nitrification is carried out in two consecutive steps by two distinct groups of bacteria: ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. An explanation for this division of labour is offered based on the kinetic theory of optimal design of metabolic pathways, which postulates the existence of an optimal length for a pathway that maximizes the rate of ATP production. Shortening long pathways could, therefore, increase growth rate. However, this would reduce growth yield if the shorter pathway has fewer ATP-generating steps. High yields would be advantageous when bacteria grow in clonal clusters, as is typical for biofilms. It is postulated that bacteria that completely oxidize ammonia to nitrate exist in such environments.
机译：Winogradsky在1890年发现，硝化作用是通过两个不同的细菌组在两个连续的步骤中进行的：氨氧化细菌和亚硝酸盐氧化细菌。基于新陈代谢途径的最佳设计的动力学理论，对这种分工进行了解释，该理论假定了最大化ATP产生速率的途径的最佳长度存在。因此，缩短长途路线可以提高增长率。但是，如果较短的途径具有较少的ATP生成步骤，这将降低生长产量。当细菌在克隆簇中生长时，高产量将是有利的，这是生物膜的典型特征。假定在这种环境中存在将氨完全氧化成硝酸盐的细菌。

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