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Factors influencing the reproduction and production performance of the Nguni cattle ecotypes in South Africa

机译：南非Nguni牛生态型繁殖和生产性能的影响因素

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The objective of this experiment was to assess the reproductive and productive performance of Nguni cattle distributed among 11 farms in four regions of South Africa. Only data of registered Appendix A to Stud Proper Nguni animals from the Agricultural Research Council of South Africa's database were used. Data were collected from 2061 dams and 3285 calves between 1990 and 2009. Overall means for age at first calving (AFC) and calving intervals (CI) were 33.79 +/- 4.90 months and 400.29 +/- 78.70 days, respectively. Dry season-born heifers had lower AFC than wet season-born heifers. Dry seasons 4 and wet seasons 1 had lower CI than seasons 2 and 3, indicating that conceptions take place between December and May. Average growth weights of calves were 24.87 +/- 3.13, 151.91 +/- 21.09, 169.25 +/- 23.68 and 237.96 +/- 27.34 kg at birth (BW), weaning (WW), 12 months (YW) and 18 months of age, respectively. BW was higher in dry seasons 4 and wet seasons 1; WW and YW were higher in dry than in wet seasons. This is the first study demonstrating that performance of Nguni cattle is influenced by ecological regions of the dam's origin, year-season of birth/calving, breeder's management, parity and herdbook status, confirming that environment-genotype interactions influence the performance of Nguni cattle in southern Africa. This stimulated a follow-up study on the use of geographic information systems to specifically identify factors influencing the reproductive and productive performance of Nguni cattle in southern Africa.
机译：该实验的目的是评估分布在南非四个地区的11个农场中的Nguni牛的繁殖和生产性能。仅使用了南非农业研究理事会数据库中登记的适合Nguni育种动物的附录A的数据。在1990年至2009年之间收集了2061座大坝和3285头小牛的数据。第一次产犊（AFC）和产犊间隔（CI）的总平均时间分别为33.79 +/- 4.90个月和400.29 +/- 78.70天。季节生小母牛的AFC低于季节生小母牛。干旱季节4和潮湿季节1的CI低于季节2和3，这表明受孕发生在12月至5月之间。小牛的平均生长体重在出生（BW），断奶（WW），12个月（YW）和18个月出生时分别为24.87 +/- 3.13、151.91 +/- 21.09、169.25 +/- 23.68和237.96 +/- 27.34 kg年龄分别。干旱季节4和潮湿季节1的BW较高;干旱季节的WW和YW高于雨季。这是第一项研究，表明努古尼牛的生产性能受到大坝起源的生态区域，出生/产犊的年份，育种者的管理，同胎和畜群状况的影响，证实了环境-基因型相互作用会影响努古尼牛的生产性能。非洲南部地区。这激发了有关使用地理信息系统以具体确定影响南部非洲Nguni牛的生殖和生产性能的因素的后续研究。

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