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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Detection of occurrence of a recent genetic bottleneck event in Indian hill cattle breed Bargur using microsatellite markers
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Detection of occurrence of a recent genetic bottleneck event in Indian hill cattle breed Bargur using microsatellite markers

机译：使用微卫星标记检测印度山牛品种Bargur最近发生的遗传瓶颈事件

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摘要

The effective number of breedable individuals is a crucial determinant for maintaining genetic variability within a population. The population of Bargur, the hill cattle of South India, has gone down drastically by more than 93% in the past three decades, and only a few thousand animals are available at present. The present study was undertaken to evaluate Bargur cattle for mutation drift equilibrium and to detect the occurrence of recent genetic bottleneck event, if any, in this population. About 50 unrelated animals, true to the type, were sampled and genotyped at 25 microsatellite loci. The mean observed heterozygosity (0.808+or-0.023) was higher than the mean expected heterozygosity (0.762+or-0.008) with 15 out of 25 microsatellite loci exhibiting heterozygosity excess when assumed under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. To evaluate Bargur cattle for mutation drift equilibrium, three tests were performed under three different mutation models, viz., infinite allele model (IAM), stepwise mutation model (SMM) and two-phase model (TPM). The observed gene diversity (He) and expected equilibrium gene diversity (Heq) were estimated under different models of microsatellite evolution. All the 25 loci were found to exhibit gene diversity excess under IAM and TPM, while 22 loci were having gene diversity excess under SMM. All the three statistical tests, viz., sign test, standardized differences test, and Wilcoxon sign rank test, revealed significant (P<0.01) deviation of Bargur cattle population from mutation-drift equilibrium under all the three models of mutation. Furthermore, the qualitative test of allele frequency distribution in Bargur cattle population revealed a strong mode shift from the normal L-shaped form suggesting that the population had experienced genetic bottleneck in the recent past. The occurrence of genetic bottleneck might have led to the loss of several rare alleles in the population, which point towards the need for efforts to conserve this important cattle germplasm. The present study is the first report in demonstrating the genetic basis of demographic bottleneck in an Indian cattle population.
机译：可繁殖个体的有效数量是维持种群内遗传变异的关键决定因素。在过去的三十年中，南印度的高山牛Bargur的人口急剧下降了93％以上，目前只有数千只动物。本研究旨在评估Bargur牛的突变漂移平衡，并检测该种群中最近的遗传瓶颈事件（如果有）的发生。在25个微卫星基因座上，对大约50只与该类型无关的动物进行了采样并进行了基因分型。在Hardy-Weinberg平衡条件下假设的25个微卫星基因座中有15个表现出杂合度过高，观察到的平均杂合度（0.808+或-0.023）高于平均预期杂合度（0.762+或-0.008）。为了评估Bargur牛的突变漂移平衡，在三种不同的突变模型下进行了三个测试，即无限等位基因模型（IAM），逐步突变模型（SMM）和两阶段模型（TPM）。在不同的微卫星演化模型下，估计了观察到的基因多样性（H e ）和预期的平衡基因多样性（H eq ）。发现所有25个基因座在IAM和TPM下均表现出基因多样性过量，而22个基因座在SMM下表现出基因多样性过量。这三个统计检验，即符号检验，标准化差异检验和Wilcoxon符号秩检验，均显示在所有三种突变模型下，Bargur牛群与突变漂移平衡的显着差异（P <0.01）。此外，对Bargur牛种群中等位基因频率分布的定性测试显示，与正常的L形形式相比，模式发生了强烈的转变，这表明该种群最近经历了遗传瓶颈。基因瓶颈的发生可能导致种群中几个稀有等位基因的丢失，这表明需要努力保护这一重要的牛种质。本研究是首次证明印度牛种群人口统计学瓶颈的遗传基础的报告。

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