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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >A cicada that ensures its fitness during climate warming by synchronizing its hatching time with the rainy season.
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A cicada that ensures its fitness during climate warming by synchronizing its hatching time with the rainy season.

机译：蝉通过使其孵化时间与雨季同步来确保其在气候变暖期间的适应性。

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A shift in phenology due to climate change is associated with some recent changes in populations, as it can disrupt the synchrony between organisms' requirements and resource availability. This conceptual framework has been developed mostly in systems of trophic interactions. Many coincidental changes, however, are involved in trophic interactions, preventing us from describing the direct impact of phenological shifts on fitness consequences. Here we address the phenological relationship in a simple non-trophic interaction to document a causal process of a warming-driven fitness change in a cicada, Cryptotympana facialis, whose numbers increased dramatically in Osaka, Japan in the late 20th century. We show that synchrony of the rainy season and hatching time may have a substantial influence on hatching success, by 1) shifting the time of completion of embryonic development, and 2) supplying water at various intervals. We estimate the change in hatching time over the last eleven decades (1901-2009) based on meteorological records and the temperature-dependent rate of C. facialis embryogenesis. Our estimate shows that hatching had initially occurred after the rainy season, and that warming had advanced it into the rainy season in the late 20th century. The probability of hatching success was markedly variable, and often very low before this synchronization occurred, but became stably high thereafter. Our findings suggest that the stabilizing effect of this synchrony on fitness was indispensable to the recent population increase of C. facialis.
机译：气候变化引起的物候变化与种群的一些近期变化有关，因为它可能破坏生物体需求与资源可利用性之间的同步。这个概念框架主要是在营养相互作用的系统中开发的。但是，许多偶然的变化参与了营养相互作用，使我们无法描述物候变化对适应性后果的直接影响。在这里，我们通过简单的非营养交互作用解决物候关系，以记录蝉（Cryptotympana faceis）中变暖引起的体适能变化的因果过程，该现象在20世纪后期在日本大阪市急剧增加。我们显示雨季和孵化时间的同步可能对孵化成功有重大影响，方法是：1）改变胚胎发育的完成时间，以及2）以不同的间隔供水。我们根据气象记录和面部毛虫胚胎发生的温度依赖性速率，估计过去十一年（1901-2009年）孵化时间的变化。我们的估计表明，孵化最初是在雨季之后发生的，并且变暖已将其推进到20世纪后期的雨季。孵化成功的概率明显不同，通常在此同步发生之前非常低，但此后稳定地提高。我们的发现表明，这种同步性对健身的稳定作用对于近期面部面部念珠菌的增加是必不可少的。

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