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The potential indirect effect of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines [Review]

机译：结合型肺炎球菌疫苗的潜在间接作用[综述]

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摘要

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are highly effective in preventing invasive disease in infants and young children, with favorable safety and inummogenicity profiles. These pediatric vaccines have also shown efficacy in reducing cases of non-invasive disease (i.e. otitis media, pneumonia). Recently, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have demonstrated additional protective qualities that may enhance their use worldwide. For example, they can reduce nasopharyngeal acquisition of vaccine-specific serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which may in turn reduce the incidence of pneumococcal disease among non-vaccinated individuals; this is termed indirect or herd immunity. Although the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has complicated disease management, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been shown to protect against pneumococcal disease caused by such strains because most antibiotic-resistant strains are of the serotypes included in these vaccines. Thus, widespread use of these conjugate vaccines may prevent disease by providing both direct and indirect immunity, and may reduce the use of antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance worldwide.
机译：肺炎球菌结合疫苗在预防婴幼儿侵袭性疾病方面非常有效，并具有良好的安全性和致瘤性。这些儿科疫苗还显示出减少非侵入性疾病（即中耳炎，肺炎）的功效。最近，肺炎球菌结合疫苗已显示出额外的保护特性，可以在全球范围内增强其用途。例如，它们可以减少鼻咽对疫苗特异性血清型肺炎链球菌的获取，从而可以减少未接种疫苗的个体中肺炎球菌疾病的发生率;这称为间接免疫或畜群免疫。尽管抗生素抗性菌株的出现使疾病管理复杂化，但已显示肺炎球菌结合疫苗可预防由此类菌株引起的肺炎球菌疾病，因为大多数抗生素抗性菌株均为这些疫苗中包括的血清型。因此，这些结合疫苗的广泛使用可以通过提供直接和间接免疫来预防疾病，并且可以减少抗生素的使用和全世界范围内抗生素耐药性的发展。

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