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首页> 外文期刊>Dalton transactions: An international journal of inorganic chemistry >Morphology-dependent nanocatalysis: Metal particles
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Morphology-dependent nanocatalysis: Metal particles

机译：形态学依赖的纳米催化：金属颗粒

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摘要

The rapid development of materials science now enables tailoring of metal and metal oxide particles with tunable size and shape at the nanometre level. As a result, nanocatalysis is undergoing an explosive growth, and it has been seen that the size and shape of a catalyst particle tremendously affects the reaction performance. The size effect of metal nanoparticles has been interpreted in terms of the variation in geometric and electronic properties that governs the adsorption and activation of the reactants as well as the desorption of the products. At the same time, it has been verified that the morphology of a catalyst particle, determined by the exposed crystal planes, also considerably affects the catalytic behavior. This is termed as morphology-dependent nanocatalysis: a catalyst particle with an anisotropic shape alters the reaction performance by selectively exposing specific crystal facets. This perspective article initially surveys the recent progress on morphology-dependent nanocatalysis of precious metal particles to emphasise the chemical nature of the morphology effect. Then, the fabrication of transition metal particles with controllable size/morphology is examined, and their shape is correlated with their catalytic properties, with the aim to clarify the structure-reactivity relationship. Finally, the future outlook presents our personal perspectives on the concept of morphology-dependent nanocatalysis of metal particles, which is a rapidly growing topic in heterogeneous catalysis.
机译：材料科学的飞速发展现在使得能够定制具有纳米级尺寸和形状可调的金属和金属氧化物颗粒。结果，纳米催化正经历爆炸性增长，并且已经发现催化剂颗粒的尺寸和形状极大地影响反应性能。金属纳米颗粒的尺寸效应已根据几何和电子性质的变化来解释，该变化控制反应物的吸附和活化以及产物的解吸。同时，已经证实由暴露的晶面确定的催化剂颗粒的形态也显着影响催化性能。这被称为与形态有关的纳米催化：具有各向异性形状的催化剂颗粒通过选择性地暴露特定的晶面来改变反应性能。该观点文章最初调查了贵金属颗粒的形态学依赖的纳米催化的最新进展，以强调形态学效应的化学性质。然后，研究了具有可控制的尺寸/形态的过渡金属颗粒的制备，并且将其形状与它们的催化性能相关联，以阐明结构-反应性关系。最后，未来展望提出了我们对金属颗粒的形态学依赖的纳米催化概念的个人观点，这是异相催化中一个快速增长的主题。

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