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首页> 外文期刊>Disability and health journal >Understanding suicide and disability through three major disabling conditions: Intellectual disability, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis
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Understanding suicide and disability through three major disabling conditions: Intellectual disability, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis

机译：通过三种主要的残疾状况来了解自杀和残疾：智力残疾，脊髓损伤和多发性硬化

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Background: Disability is not a category of disease but rather relates to the physical, sensory, cognitive, and/or mental disorders that substantially limit one or more major life activities. These functional limitations have been found to be predictive of suicide, with psychiatric comorbidities increasing the risk for suicide. Enormous gaps exist in the understanding of the relationship between disability and suicide. Objective: We reviewed the current literature addressing the prevalence of and risk factors for suicide among persons with three major disabling conditions and identify priorities for future research. Methodology: We performed a literature review investigating the relationship between three major disabilities (intellectual disability, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis) and suicide. To ensure thorough evaluation of the available literature, we searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar with terms including "suicide," "disability," "intellectual disability," "spinal cord injury," "multiple sclerosis," and permutations thereof. By this method we evaluated 110 articles and included 21 in the review. Results: Suicide rates are significantly higher among persons with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury than in the general population. A more nuanced picture of suicide rates and risk factors exists for the intellectual disability population, in which it appears that rates of suicide risk factors are higher than among the general population while suicide rates may be lower. The highest rates of suicide are reported among study populations of persons with multiple sclerosis, followed by persons with spinal cord injury, and then individuals with intellectual disability. Conclusions: Suicide among persons with disabilities is a complex and pressing public health concern. Urgent research priorities include (1) valid estimates of suicide rates among persons with disabilities by age cohort; (2) assessment of the predictive importance of suicide risk factors; and (3) determination of best practices in preventing suicide. Working toward these objectives will reduce the unacceptable burden of this preventable cause of death and help children and adults with disabilities to lead happier, healthier, and longer lives.
机译：背景：残疾不是疾病的类别，而是与实质上限制一种或多种主要生活活动的身体，感觉，认知和/或精神疾病有关。已发现这些功能限制是自杀的预兆，精神病合并症会增加自杀的风险。在对残疾与自杀之间的关系的理解上存在巨大差距。目的：我们回顾了有关三项主要残疾状况患者自杀率和危险因素的文献，并确定了未来研究的重点。方法：我们进行了文献综述，调查了三种主要残疾（智力残疾，脊髓损伤，多发性硬化症）和自杀之间的关系。为了确保对现有文献进行全面评估，我们在PubMed，Cochrane图书馆和Google学术搜索中搜索了包括“自杀”，“残疾”，“智力残疾”，“脊髓损伤”，“多发性硬化症”及其排列的术语。通过这种方法，我们评估了110篇文章，并在评论中包括21篇。结果：多发性硬化症和脊髓损伤患者的自杀率明显高于普通人群。智障人群的自杀率和危险因素更为细微的描述，其中自杀风险因素的发生率似乎高于普通人群，而自杀率可能较低。据报告，多发性硬化症患者的自杀率最高，其次是脊髓损伤的人，然后是智力残疾的人。结论：残疾人自杀是一个复杂而紧迫的公共卫生问题。紧迫的研究重点包括：（1）按年龄组对残疾人的自杀率进行有效估计; （2）评估自杀危险因素的预测重要性; （3）确定预防自杀的最佳做法。为实现这些目标而努力，将减轻这种可预防的死亡原因所造成的不可接受的负担，并帮助残疾儿童和成年人过上更幸福，更健康和更​​长寿的生活。

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