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Genetics and disease resistance

机译:遗传与疾病抗性

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摘要

Genetic components of disease resistance have been described in most of important diseases in human as well as in laboratory and livestock animals. However the basic mechanisms have been established in a few examples only. The reasons herefore are the mostly polygenic inheritance of disease resistance traits, the missing of suitable animal models and the dominance of environmental effects like infection pressure, immune status, and stressors, limiting the view on responsible gene variants. Ethical and practical aspects may further hinder research on disease resistance in certain species. Livestock animals play a crucial role in disease resistance research, because of distinct genetic diversity within and between breeds, because of an often distinct metabolic congruency with humans, and aiming towards the improvement of hygiene and economy of production and animal welfare. The following sections will review disease resistance in livestock animals and their practical implications, completed by examples of our own research activities.
机译:已在人类以及实验室和家畜的大多数重要疾病中描述了抗病性的遗传成分。但是,仅在几个示例中建立了基本机制。造成这种情况的原因主要是抗病性状的多基因遗传,缺少合适的动物模型,以及诸如感染压力,免疫状态和应激源等环境影响的优势,限制了对负责任的基因变异的认识。伦理和实践方面可能会进一步阻碍某些物种的抗病性研究。牲畜在抗病性研究中起着至关重要的作用,这是因为品种内部和品种之间独特的遗传多样性,通常是与人类的独特代谢一致性,并旨在改善卫生状况,生产经济性和动物福利。以下各节将回顾家畜的抗病性及其实际意义,并以我们自己的研究活动为例进行补充。

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