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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science/Zeitschrift fur acker-und pflanzenbau >Shading, Defoliation and Light Enrichment Effects on Chickpea in Northern Latitudes
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Shading, Defoliation and Light Enrichment Effects on Chickpea in Northern Latitudes

机译：北纬鹰嘴豆的遮光，落叶和增光作用

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摘要

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has an indeterminate growth nature, and the plant canopy with an improved light environment during critical growth stages may increase biomass (BM) production and improve crop yield. This study examined (i) the effects of shading, light enrichment and defoliation applied at various growth stages on BM and seed yield of chickpea in northern latitudes; and (ii) the difference between cultivars with fern- vs. unfoliate-leaf type in responding to the altered canopy light environments. Field studies were conducted at Saskatoon and Swift Current, Saskatchewan in 2004 and 2005. Different light environments were created by 50 % defoliation at vegetative growth and at first flower, 50 % shading from vegetative growth to first flower, and two light enrichment treatments initiated at the first flower and pod formation stages. The 50 % shade treatment prior to flowering significantly decreased harvest index (HI) and seed yield. Light enrichments increased seed yield only one of three location-years (the fourth site excluded because of disease damage). Defoliation at vegetative growth or first flower had a marginal effect on seed yield, largely as a result of the regrowth of vegetative tissues compensating for the lost plant tissues. The cultivar CDC Yuma (fern-leaf type) exhibited consistently greater maximum light interception (LI), cumulative intercepted radiation, HI and seed yield than the cultivar Sanford (unifoliate-leaf type) across all location-years. Selective use of chickpea cultivars with improved morphological traits such as fern-leaf type will likely improve LI and increase crop yield for chickpea in northern latitudes. Moreover, optimized crop management practices should be adopted to ensure that chickpea be grown under conditions with minimum shading before flowering and optimum light environment within the canopy especially during reproductive growth period.
机译：鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）具有不确定的生长特性，在关键生长阶段光照环境得到改善的植物冠层可以增加生物量（BM）的产量并提高农作物的产量。这项研究调查了（i）在北纬不同生长阶段进行的遮荫，光富集和脱叶对鹰嘴豆BM和种子产量的影响; （ii）蕨类和非叶类类型的品种对冠层光照环境变化的响应之间的差异。 2004年和2005年在萨斯卡通和萨斯喀彻温省的Swift Current进行了田野研究。不同的光照环境是在营养生长和第一朵花出现50％的落叶，从营养生长到第一朵花朵出现50％的阴影以及在2000年开始的两次光照增强处理后创建的第一个花和荚果形成阶段。开花前进行50％遮荫处理会显着降低收获指数（HI）和种子产量。光富集仅增加了三个定位年之一的种子产量（由于病害而排除了第四个定位年）。营养生长或第一朵花时的脱叶对种子产量的影响很小，主要是由于营养组织的再生长补偿了失去的植物组织。在所有位置年中，CDC Yuma品种（蕨叶型）表现出比桑福德（单叶型）品种更大的最大光截留率（LI），累积截获的辐射，HI和种子产量。选择性使用形态特征如蕨叶型的鹰嘴豆栽培品种可能会改善北纬地区鹰嘴豆的LI并增加作物产量。此外，应采用最佳的作物管理措施，以确保鹰嘴豆在开花前遮荫最少的条件下生长，并且在树冠层内（尤其是在生殖生长期）最佳的光照环境下，可以生长出鹰嘴豆。

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