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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Psychology >How 'Situational' Is Judgment in Situational Judgment Tests?
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How 'Situational' Is Judgment in Situational Judgment Tests?

机译：情境判断测试中判断如何“情境”化？

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摘要

Whereas situational judgment tests (SJTs) have traditionally been conceptualized as low-fidelity simulations with an emphasis on contextualized situation descriptions and context-dependent knowledge, a recent perspective views SJTs as measures of more general domain (context-independent) knowledge. In the current research, we contrasted these 2 perspectives in 3 studies by removing the situation descriptions (i.e., item stems) from SJTs. Across studies, the traditional contextualized SJT perspective was not supported for between 43% and 71% of the items because it did not make a significant difference whether the situation description was included or not for these items. These results were replicated across construct domains, samples, and response instructions. However, there was initial evidence that judgment in SJTs was more situational when (a) items measured job knowledge and skills and (b) response options denoted context-specific rules of action. Verbal protocol analyses confirmed that high scorers on SJTs without situation descriptions relied upon general rules about the effectiveness of the responses. Implications for SJT theory, research, and design are discussed.
机译：传统上将情境判断测试（SJT）概念化为低保真模拟，重点放在情境化的情境描述和与情境相关的知识上，而最近的观点则将SJT视为更广泛的领域（与情境无关）知识的度量。在当前的研究中，我们通过删除SJT中的情况描述（即项目词干），在3项研究中对比了这2个观点。在所有研究中，43％到71％的项目不支持传统的情境SJT观点，因为无论这些项目是否包括情境描述都没有显着差异。这些结果跨构建域，样本和响应说明复制。但是，有最初的证据表明，当（a）项目衡量工作知识和技能，并且（b）响应选项表示特定于上下文的操作规则时，SJT中的判断更根据情况而定。口头协议分析证实，在没有情况描述的情况下，SJT的高分者依赖于有关响应有效性的一般规则。讨论了SJT理论，研究和设计的意义。

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