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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Industrial Ecology >Water Footprint of Cereals and Vegetables for the Beijing Market Comparison between Local and Imported Supplies
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Water Footprint of Cereals and Vegetables for the Beijing Market Comparison between Local and Imported Supplies

机译：北京市场上谷物和蔬菜的水足迹比较本地和进口供应

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摘要

Beijing is situated in water-scarce northern China, where there is a history of policies aimed at constraining local agricultural water use to meet the increasing urban water demand. This has led to a change in local crop production and subsequent effects in terms of the importation of cereals and vegetables grown in other parts of China. The dilemma is that local policies designed to improve Beijing's water resources situation may have the unintended consequence of increasing water stress in other regions. In this article, life cycle assessment approaches were used to model both consumptive and degradative water use for the major cereals and vegetables consumed in Beijing, enabling comparison of local and imported supplies. In the Beijing region, cropping cereals rather than intensive vegetables in greenhouses could reduce local blue water consumption by 7,216cubic meters per hectare per year (m(3)ha(-1)yr(-1)) and nitrogen pollution by 45kgha(-1)yr(-1). However, depending on how the local food shortfall is balanced by imported food, shifts in cropping pattern in Beijing have the potential to cause either an improvement or exacerbation of the nationwide water stress situation (e.g., -42% to 4% for water scarcity footprint). As such, local policy making regarding agricultural land and water use needs to consider the wider food production context. This situation in Beijing is likely to be representative of the challenge facing many of the world's large and mega-sized cities, where a sustainable means of increasing food supply must be found.
机译：北京位于中国北方缺水的地区，那里有旨在限制当地农业用水以满足日益增长的城市用水需求的政策历史。这导致了当地农作物产量的变化，并进而影响了中国其他地区种植的谷物和蔬菜的进口。困境在于，旨在改善北京水资源状况的地方政策可能会带来其他地区水资源压力加剧的意外后果。在本文中，使用生命周期评估方法对北京主要食用谷物和蔬菜的消耗性用水和降解性用水进行了建模，从而可以比较本地和进口供水。在北京地区，通过在大棚中种植谷物而不是种植密集蔬菜，每年可以减少每公顷每公顷7,216立方米（m（3）ha（-1）yr（-1））的蓝色水消耗和45kgha（- 1）yr（-1）。但是，根据当地粮食短缺与进口粮食之间的平衡，北京种植方式的转变有可能导致全国缺水状况的改善或加剧（例如，缺水足迹为-42％至4％ ）。因此，有关农业土地和水资源利用的地方决策需要考虑更广泛的粮食生产环境。北京的这种情况很可能代表了世界许多大城市和大城市所面临的挑战，在这些城市中必须找到可持续的增加粮食供应的手段。

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