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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Phenology of Ixodes ricinus and infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato along a north- and south-facing altitudinal gradient on Chaumont Mountain, Switzerland
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Phenology of Ixodes ricinus and infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato along a north- and south-facing altitudinal gradient on Chaumont Mountain, Switzerland

机译：瑞士肖蒙山沿北，南向海拔梯度的蓖麻短毛虫的物候学和感染博氏疏螺旋体的感染

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Questing Ixodes ricinus L. ticks were collected monthly from 2003 to 2005 on the north- and south-facing slopes of Chaumont Mountain in Neuchatel, Switzerland, at altitudes varying from 620 to 1,070 m. On the south-facing slope, questing tick density was higher than on the north-facing slope, and it decreased with altitude. Density tended to increase with altitude on the north-facing slope. Saturation deficit values higher than 10 mmHg and lasting for >2 mo were often recorded on the south-facing slope, explaining seasonal patterns of questing tick activity. The overall prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was 22.4%, and prevalence differed according to exposure and among years. No difference was noticed between nymphs and adults. Four Borrelia species were identified. Mixed infections were detected in 52 ticks, B. garinii and B. valaisiana (n = 21) and B. afzelii and B. burgdorferi s.s. (n = 20) were the most frequent associations observed. The density of infected ticks varied from 3.6 to 78.7 infected nymphs per 100 m2 and from 0.6 to 16.9 infected adults per 100 m2, both slopes combined. The study on the south-facing slope was a follow-up of a previous study carried out at the same location during 1999-2001. Comparison of climatic data between the two periods showed a marked increase in saturation deficit. Substantial differences in density and phenology of ticks also were observed. At high elevations, ticks were significantly more abundant during the current study. This can be explained by rising temperatures recorded during summer at altitude, reaching values similar to those registered in the first study beneath. At the lowest altitude, adults were significantly less abundant, probably due to long-lasting high saturation deficits that impaired nymphal survival. The density of Borrelia-infected ticks was higher than in the previous study.
机译：从2003年至2005年，每月在瑞士纳沙泰尔Chaumont山的北坡和南坡上收集Questing Ixodes ricinus L. s，海拔从620到1,070 m。在朝南的斜坡上，搜寻壁虱密度高于朝北的斜坡，并且随着海拔的升高而降低。在朝北的斜坡上，密度倾向于随着海拔的升高而增加。经常在朝南的斜坡上记录到高于10 mmHg且持续时间大于2 mo的饱和度亏缺值，这解释了探求tick活动的季节性模式。伯氏疏螺旋体的总体患病率为22.4％，并且患病率根据暴露程度和年份而有所不同。若虫和成虫之间没有差异。鉴定了四种波雷利亚属。在52个s虫中检出了混合感染，分别为garinii和B. valaisiana（n = 21）以及a.zelzelii和B. burgdorferis.s。 （n = 20）是观察到的最频繁的关联。每100 m2的combined虫密度从3.6到78.7受感染的若虫和每100 m2的0.6至16.9受感染的成虫，两者的斜率加在一起。对南坡的研究是对之前在1999-2001年间在同一地点进行的研究的后续研究。两个时期之间的气候数据比较显示饱和度赤字明显增加。 density的密度和物候变化也观察到很大的差异。在当前研究中，高海拔地区的s虫数量明显增多。这可以用夏季在海拔高度记录的温度升高来解释，其达到的值与下面的第一个研究中记录的值相似。在最低海拔下，成年人的丰富度明显降低，这可能是由于长期存在的高饱和度不足而损害了若虫的存活。感染了疏螺旋体的tick的密度高于以前的研究。

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