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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Avian Biology >Relationship between laying dates of black kites Milvus migrans and spring temperatures in Italy: rapid response to climate change?
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Relationship between laying dates of black kites Milvus migrans and spring temperatures in Italy: rapid response to climate change?

机译：黑色风筝寄居日期与意大利的春季温度之间的关系：对气候变化的快速反应？

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摘要

Many Holarctic bird species have been shown to be laying progressively earlier in response to global warming. Most studies have been conducted on small-bodied species at northern latitudes. In Italy, black kite Milvus migrans populations are concentrated near large pre-Alpine lakes, whose water temperatures have been increasing steadily in recent decades. Annual black kite laying dates have become 10-11 days earlier during the last nine years. This shift was related to temporal variations in spring air temperatures, with earlier laying in warmer springs. The progressive advancement in laying dates was not associated with an increase in population level productivity, despite the fact that productivity declined with laying date at the individual territory level within years. Avian response to climate change may be occurring more rapidly than previously thought, even in relatively long-lived species, and not only at the most northern latitudes or highest elevations. Because this change has occurred so rapidly, and because laying dates match annual variations in spring temperatures, the response must be facultatively driven by prevailing conditions, rather than genetic in response to natural selection.
机译：已经显示出许多Holarctic鸟类在响应全球变暖的过程中逐渐更早地产卵。大多数研究是针对北纬的小物种。在意大利，黑鸢（Milvus migrans）的种群集中在大型的阿尔卑斯前湖泊附近，近几十年来水温一直在稳定上升。在过去的九年中，每年放黑鸢的日期已经提前了10-11天。这种变化与春季气温的时间变化有关，并且早些时候躺在较暖的春季。尽管随着年份的推移，各个地区的生产率随着定居日期的下降而下降，但定居日期的逐步提高与人口水平生产率的提高无关。禽类对气候变化的反应可能比以前认为的更快，甚至在相对长寿的物种中也是如此，不仅在最北纬或最高海拔。因为这种变化发生得如此迅速，并且由于产期与春季温度的年度变化相匹配，所以这种响应必须由主要条件替代地驱动，而不是由自然选择引起的。

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