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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Selectivity and response characteristics of human olfactory neurons.
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Selectivity and response characteristics of human olfactory neurons.

机译：人类嗅觉神经元的选择性和响应特征。

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Transduction mechanisms were investigated in human olfactory neurons by determining characteristics of odorant-induced changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Olfactory neurons were freshly isolated from nasal biopsies, allowed to attach to coverslips, and loaded with the calcium-sensitive indicator fura-2. Changes in [Ca2+]i were studied in response to exposure to individual odors, or odorant mixtures composed to distinguish between transduction pathways mediated by adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP; mix A) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3; mix B). Overall, 52% of biopsies produced one or more odorant-responsive olfactory neurons, whereas 24% of all olfactory neurons tested responded to odorant exposure with a change in [Ca2+]i. As in olfactory neurons from other species, the data suggest that odorant exposure elicited calcium influx via second-messenger pathways involving cAMP or InsP3. Unlike olfactory neurons from other species that have been tested, some human olfactory neurons responded to odorants with decreases in [Ca2+]i. Also in contrast with olfactory neurons from other species, human olfactory neurons were better able to discriminate between odorant mixtures in that no neuron responded to more than one type of odor or mixture. These results suggest the presence of a previously unreported type of olfactory transduction mechanism, and raise the possibility that coding of odor qualities in humans may be accomplished to some degree differently than in other vertebrates, with the olfactory neuron itself making a greater contribution to the discrimination process.
机译：通过确定气味引起的细胞内钙浓度（[Ca2 +] i）变化的特征，研究了人类嗅觉神经元的转导机制。从鼻活检中新鲜分离嗅觉神经元，使其附着在盖玻片上，并加载钙敏感指示剂fura-2。研究了[Ca2 +] i的变化，以适应暴露于个别气味或气味混合物的情况，以区分由3'5'-单磷酸腺苷（cAMP;混合物A）或肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸（ InsP3;混合B）。总体而言，有52％的活检组织产生了一个或多个嗅觉响应嗅觉神经元，而所有测试的嗅觉神经元中有24％对嗅觉暴露作出了反应，其[Ca2 +] i发生了变化。与其他物种的嗅觉神经元一样，数据表明，气味暴露通过涉及cAMP或InsP3的第二信使途径引起钙内流。与已经测试过的其他物种的嗅觉神经元不同，某些人类嗅觉神经元对气味物质的反应是[Ca2 +] i降低。同样，与其他物种的嗅觉神经元相比，人嗅觉神经元能够更好地区分气味混合物，因为没有神经元对一种以上的气味或混合物做出反应。这些结果表明存在一种以前未报道的嗅觉转导机制，并提高了嗅觉神经元本身对辨别力做出更大贡献的可能性，即与其他脊椎动物相比，人类对气味质量的编码可能有所不同。处理。

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