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Pharmacological and psychosocial treatments for adolescents with ADHD: An updated systematic review of the literature

机译：青少年多动症的药理和社会心理治疗：文献的最新系统综述

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Smith, Waschbusch, Willoughby, and Evans (2000) reviewed a small treatment literature on ADHD in adolescents and concluded that methylphenidate stimulant medication was a well-established treatment and behavior therapy (BT) demonstrated preliminary efficacy. This review extends and updates the findings of the prior one based on the previous 15. years of research. Studies published since 1999 were identified and coded using standard criteria and effect sizes were calculated where appropriate. Highlights of the last 15. years of research include an expansion of pharmacological treatment options and developmentally appropriate psychosocial treatment packages for adolescents with ADHD. Additionally, nonstimulant medications (e.g., atomoxetine) are now approved for the treatment of ADHD in adolescence. The review concludes that medication and BT produce a similar range of therapeutic effects on the symptoms of adolescents with ADHD. However, results suggest that BT may produce greater overall benefits on measures of impairment. There was no evidence that cognitive enhancement trainings, such as working memory training or neurofeedback improved the functioning of adolescents with ADHD. Whether to use medication, BT, or their combination to treat an adolescent with ADHD is complicated and we provide evidence-informed guidelines for treatment selection. The reviewed evidence does not support current American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry professional guidelines, which state that stimulant medication is the preferred treatment for adolescents with ADHD. Recommendations for assessment, practice guidelines, and future research are discussed.
机译：Smith，Waschbusch，Willoughby和Evans（2000）回顾了青少年关于ADHD的一小篇治疗文献，得出结论，哌醋甲酯兴奋剂是一种行之有效的治疗方法，行为疗法（BT）表现出初步的疗效。这篇评论根据之前的15年研究结果，扩展和更新了先前的研究结果。鉴定自1999年以来发表的研究，并使用标准标准进行编码，并在适当情况下计算效应大小。过去15年研究的重点包括为患有ADHD的青少年扩展药理治疗选择和发展适当的心理社会治疗方案。此外，现已批准将非兴奋性药物（例如托莫西汀）用于治疗青春期多动症。该评论得出结论，药物和BT对ADHD青少年的症状产生相似的治疗效果。但是，结果表明，英国电信在减值措施方面可能会产生更大的整体收益。没有证据表明认知增强训练，例如工作记忆训练或神经反馈训练可以改善患有多动症的青少年的功能。是否使用药物，BT或其组合治疗患有ADHD的青少年非常复杂，我们为选择治疗提供了有据可循的指南。审查的证据不支持当前的美国儿科学会和美国儿童与青少年精神病学专业指南，该指南指出，兴奋性药物是多动症青少年的首选治疗方法。讨论了评估建议，实践指南和未来研究。

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