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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry >Beyond the Dual Pathway Model: Evidence for the Dissociation of Timing, Inhibitory, and Delay-Related Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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Beyond the Dual Pathway Model: Evidence for the Dissociation of Timing, Inhibitory, and Delay-Related Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

机译：超越双重途径模型：注意缺陷/多动症的时间，抑制力和与延迟有关的障碍的解离证据

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Objective: The dual pathway model explains neuro-psychological heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in terms of dissociable cognitive and motivational deficits each affecting some but not other patients. We explore whether deficits in temporal processing might constitute a third dissociable neuropsychological component of ADHD. Method: Nine tasks designed to tap three domains (inhibitory control, delay aversion and temporal processing) were administered to ADHD probands (n=71; ages 6 to 17 years), their siblings (n=71; 65 unaffected by ADHD) and a group of non-ADHD controls (n=50). IQ and working memory were measured. Results: Temporal processing, inhibitory control and delay-related deficits represented independent neuropsychological components. ADHD children differed from controls on all factors. For ADHD patients, the co-occurrence of inhibitory, temporal processing and delay-related deficits was no greater than expected by chance with substantial groups of patients showing only one problem. Domain-specific patterns of familial co-segregation provided evidence for the validity of neuropsychological subgroupings. Conclusion: The current results illustrate the neuropsychological heterogeneity in ADHD and initial support for a triple pathway model. The findings need to be replicated in larger samples.
机译：目的：双通道模型以可分离的认知和动机缺陷来解释注意力缺陷/多动症（ADHD）的神经心理异质性，每个缺陷都影响一些患者，但不影响其他患者。我们探讨时间处理的缺陷是否可能构成多动症的第三个可分离的神经心理学成分。方法：将旨在挖掘三个领域（抑制性控制，延迟厌恶和时间处理）的九项任务分配给ADHD先证者（n = 71;年龄6至1​​7岁），其兄弟姐妹（n = 71; 65受ADHD影响）和一名一组非ADHD对照（n = 50）。测量智商和工作记忆。结果：时间加工，抑制控制和延迟相关的缺陷代表独立的神经心理学成分。多动症儿童在所有因素上均与对照不同。对于多动症患者，抑制性，暂时性加工和与延迟相关的缺陷的并发发生率不超过偶然，而大量患者仅出现一个问题。家族共隔离的特定领域模式为神经心理学分组的有效性提供了证据。结论：目前的结果说明了多动症的神经心理异质性和对三重途径模型的初步支持。研究结果需要复制到更大的样本中。

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