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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation >Type a botulism in horses in the United States: a review of the past ten years (1998-2008).
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Type a botulism in horses in the United States: a review of the past ten years (1998-2008).

机译：在美国键入肉毒杆菌中毒：过去十年（1998-2008年）的回顾。

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The objective of the current retrospective study was to describe naturally occurring type A botulism in horses in the United States. In the past 10 years, the Botulism Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania's School of Veterinary Medicine has identified 3 isolated cases and 8 outbreaks of type A botulism in horses via samples positive for Clostridium botulinum type A toxin or spores using the mouse bioassay test. Additional information was obtained by review of submission forms and by telephone or email interviews. Almost all type A cases and outbreaks occurred in the western United States, with Oregon and Idaho overrepresented. Type A toxin was identified in only 1 outbreak; all other identified cases and outbreaks were positive for spores but not preformed toxin. Reported clinical signs included progressive muscle weakness, recumbency, decreased tail and/or tongue tone, dysphagia, respiratory distress, and death. Isolated cases involved foals <=1 month of age; outbreaks involved horses >=11 months. One hundred and nineteen horses were potentially exposed to the toxin source; 54 out of 119 showed signs of botulism, and 49 out of 54 affected horses were confirmed dead. The number of horses affected per outbreak ranged from 2 to 24. The source of infection was confirmed to be hay or silage in 6 out of 8 outbreaks and was unknown in 2 out of 8 outbreaks. The present report is the first description of outbreaks of type A botulism in horses and has important implications for prevention and treatment. Based on these findings, type A botulism should be considered in suspect cases of equine botulism in the western United States.
机译：当前回顾性研究的目的是描述美国马匹中自然发生的A型肉毒杆菌中毒。在过去的10年中，宾夕法尼亚大学兽医学院的肉毒杆菌实验室通过对A型毒素或肉毒杆菌阳性的标本，鉴定出3例独立病例和8例A型肉毒杆菌暴发。使用鼠标生物测定测试。通过审查提交表格以及通过电话或电子邮件采访获得了更多信息。几乎所有A型病例和疫情都发生在美国西部，俄勒冈州和爱达荷州的人数过多。仅在1次爆发中发现了A型毒素;所有其他确定的病例和暴发对孢子均为阳性，但未形成毒素。报告的临床体征包括进行性肌肉无力，卧倒，尾巴和/或舌音下降，吞咽困难，呼吸窘迫和死亡。个别病例的马驹小于等于1个月大;爆发涉及11个月以上的马匹。 119匹马可能接触了毒素源。 119头中有54头显示肉毒中毒迹象，而54头受影响的马中有49头被确认死亡。每次暴发影响的马匹数量为2到24。在8次暴发中有6起被确认为干草或青贮饲料，在8次暴发中有2起是未知的。本报告是马匹中A型肉毒杆菌暴发的首次描述，对预防和治疗具有重要意义。基于这些发现，在美国西部可疑的马肉毒杆菌中应考虑使用A型肉毒杆菌。

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