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A Comparative Analysis of the Legal and Bioethical Frameworks Governing the Secondary Use of Data for Research Purposes

机译:对用于研究目的的数据二次使用的法律和生物伦理框架的比较分析

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摘要

The secondary use of research and health data for purposes that differ from the original purpose of the collection is becoming a major trend in research, since it allows for the optimal use of already available resources, and reduces the costs of research activities. However, the consent provided at the time of the initial data collection might not have foreseen these new uses of the data. This is especially true for biobanks having collected data under a restricted or a disease-specific consent, and for data linkage, which allows researchers to combine research data with information from the medical record of participants. To protect the participants' privacy, confidentiality, and autonomy, the use of identifiable research and clinical data for secondary research purposes is governed by a rather complex legal and ethical framework. This article aims to: (1) provide a comprehensive analysis of the legal and bioethical framework governing the secondary use of data at the international level, and; (2) identify points of convergence and divergence with regard to the secondary use of data for research purposes, in five countries (Australia, Canada, France, United Kingdom, and United States). While the secondary use of already collected data carries benefits and drawbacks, the international and national legal framework provide guidance to promote a wider (although limited) secondary use of data, while protecting research participants' rights and interests. Despite some differences, the similarities between international and national regulations and norms reveal the emergence of a common set of criteria for the secondary use of data in international research.
机译:将研究和健康数据用于与收集的原始目的不同的用途,这已成为研究的主要趋势,因为它可以优化利用现有资源,并降低研究活动的成本。但是,在初始数据收集时提供的同意可能未预见到这些新的数据用途。对于在受限或特定疾病同意下收集数据的生物库,以及数据链接,尤其如此,这使得研究人员可以将研究数据与参与者病历中的信息结合起来。为了保护参与者的隐私,机密性和自主权,将可识别的研究和临床数据用于二次研究必须受相当复杂的法律和道德框架约束。本文旨在:(1)对在国际一级管理数据二次使用的法律和生物伦理框架进行全面分析,以及; (2)在五个国家(澳大利亚,加拿大,法国,英国和美国)中确定用于研究目的的二次使用数据的收敛点和分歧点。虽然对已收集数据的二次使用有其利弊,但国际和国家法律框架为促进广泛(尽管有限)二次数据使用提供了指导,同时又保护了研究参与者的权益。尽管存在一些差异,但国际法规和国家法规与规范之间的相似之处表明,出现了一套在国际研究中二次使用数据的通用标准。

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