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Animal Models of Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii)

机译：Q发热的动物模型（Coxiella burnetii）

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摘要

Q fever, caused by the pathogen Coxiella burnetii, is an acute disease that can progress to become a serious chronic illness. The organism leads an obligate, intracellular lifecycle, during which it multiplies in the phagolytic compartments of the phagocytic cells of the immune system of its hosts. This characteristic makes study of the organism particularly difficult and is perhaps one of the reasons why, more than 70 y after its discovery, much remains unknown about the organism and its pathogenesis. A variety of animal species have been used to study both the acute and chronic forms of the disease. Although none of the models perfectly mimics the disease process in humans, each opens a window onto an important aspect of the pathology of the disease. We have learned that immunosuppression, overexpression of IL10, or physical damage to the heart muscle in mice and guinea pigs can induce disease that is similar to the chronic disease seen in humans, suggesting that this aspect of disease may eventually be fully understood. Models using species from mice to nonhuman primates have been used to evaluate and characterize vaccines to protect against the disease and may ultimately yield safer, less expensive vaccines.
机译：由病原体柯氏杆菌引起的Q热是一种急性疾病，可以发展成为严重的慢性疾病。该生物具有专心的细胞内生命周期，在此期间，它在其宿主免疫系统吞噬细胞的吞噬区室中繁殖。这一特征使得对该生物的研究特别困难，这也许是为什么在发现该生物70多年后仍对该生物及其发病机制仍知之甚少的原因之一。已经使用多种动物来研究该疾病的急性和慢性形式。尽管没有一个模型能够完美地模仿人类的疾病过程，但是每个模型都为了解该疾病病理学的一个重要方面打开了一个窗口。我们已经了解到，小鼠和豚鼠的免疫抑制，IL10过表达或心肌的物理损伤可以诱发与人类慢性疾病相似的疾病，这表明该疾病的这一方面最终可能会被完全理解。使用从小鼠到非人类灵长类动物的物种的模型已用于评估和表征疫苗以预防该疾病，并最终产生更安全，更便宜的疫苗。

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