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Animal Models of Cancer Pain.

机译：癌症疼痛的动物模型。

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Modern cancer therapies have significantly increased patient survival rates in both human and veterinary medicine. Since cancer patients live longer they now face new challenges resulting from severe, chronic tumor-induced pain. Unrelieved cancer pain significantly decreases the quality of life of such patients; thus the goal of pain management is to not only to alleviate pain, but also to maintain the patient's physiological and psychological well-being. The major impediment for developing new treatments for cancer pain has been our limited knowledge of the basic mechanisms that drive cancer pain and the lack of adequate animal cancer pain models to study the molecular, biochemical and neurobiological pathways that generate and maintain cancer pain. However this situation has recently changed with the recent development of several novel animal models of cancer pain. This review will focus on describing these animal models, many of them in rodents, and reviewing some of the recent information gained from the use of these models to investigate the basic mechanims that underlie the development and maintenance of cancer pain. Animal models of cancer pain can be divided into the following five categories: bone cancer pain models, non-bone cancer pain models, cancer invasion pain models, cancer chemotherapeutic-induced peripheral neuropathy models, and spontaneous occurring cancer pain models. These models will be important not only for enhancing our knowledge of how cancer pain is generated, but more importantly for the development of novel therapeutic regimes to treat cancer pain in both domestic animals and humans.
机译：在人类和兽医学中，现代癌症疗法已大大提高了患者的存活率。由于癌症患者的寿命更长，他们现在面临由严重的，慢性的肿瘤引起的疼痛所带来的新挑战。无法缓解的癌症疼痛会大大降低此类患者的生活质量;因此，疼痛管理的目标不仅是减轻疼痛，而且还要保持患者的生理和心理健康。开发癌症疼痛新疗法的主要障碍是我们对驱动癌症疼痛的基本机制的了解有限，并且缺乏足够的动物癌症疼痛模型来研究产生和维持癌症疼痛的分子，生物化学和神经生物学途径。然而，随着几种新型的癌痛动物模型的发展，这种情况最近发生了变化。这篇综述将着重于描述这些动物模型，其中许多是在啮齿动物中的，并回顾使用这些模型研究构成癌症疼痛发展和维持的基本机制的最新信息。癌症疼痛的动物模型可分为以下五类：骨癌疼痛模型，非骨癌疼痛模型，癌症浸润疼痛模型，癌症化学疗法诱发的周围神经病模型和自发发生的癌症疼痛模型。这些模型不仅对于增强我们对癌症疼痛如何产生的认识非常重要，而且对开发新颖的治疗方案来治疗家畜和人类的癌症疼痛都将非常重要。

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