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首页> 外文期刊>Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology >Sensory and motor function of teeth and dental implants: A basis for osseoperception.
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Sensory and motor function of teeth and dental implants: A basis for osseoperception.

机译：牙齿和牙齿植入物的感觉和运动功能：骨感受性的基础。

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SUMMARY 1. When dental implants are loaded mechanically, a sensation, often referred to as osseoperception, is evoked. The sensory signals underlying this phenomenon are qualitatively different from the signals evoked when loading a natural tooth. In contrast with osseointegrated dental implants, natural teeth are equipped with periodontal mechanoreceptors that signal information about tooth loads. In the present review, the functional properties of human periodontal mechanoreceptors will be presented, along with a discussion about their likely functional role in the control of human jaw actions. 2. Microneurographic experiments reveal that human periodontal mechanoreceptors adapt slowly to maintained tooth loads. Populations of periodontal receptors encode information about both which teeth are loaded and the direction of forces applied to individual teeth. 3. Most receptors exhibit a markedly curved relationship between discharge rate and force amplitude, featuring the highest sensitivity to changes in tooth load at surprisingly low forces (below 1 N for anterior teeth and 4 N for posterior teeth). Accordingly, periodontal receptors efficiently encode tooth load when subjects first contact, hold and gently manipulate food by the teeth. In contrast, only a minority of receptors encodes the rapid and strong increase in force generated when biting through food. 4. It is concluded that humans use periodontal afferent signals to control jaw actions associated with intra-oral manipulation of food rather than exertion of jaw power actions. Consequently, patients who lack information from periodontal receptors show an impaired fine motor control of the mandible.
机译：发明内容1.当机械地加载牙科植入物时，引起通常被称为骨感受的感觉。这种现象背后的感觉信号在质量上与自然牙齿加载时所产生的信号不同。与骨整合型牙齿植入物相比，天然牙齿配备了牙周机械感受器，可发出有关牙齿负荷信息的信号。在本综述中，将介绍人类牙周机械感受器的功能特性，并讨论它们在控制人类颌骨动作中可能发挥的功能作用。 2.微神经图实验表明，人类牙周机械感受器缓慢适应保持的牙齿负荷。牙周受体群体编码有关哪些牙齿被加载以及施加到单个牙齿的力的方向的信息。 3.大多数受体在出力率和力幅值之间表现出明显的弯曲关系，在出乎意料的低力（前牙低于1 N，后牙低于4 N）下，对牙齿负荷变化的敏感性最高。因此，当受试者首先接触，握住并通过牙齿轻轻地操纵食物时，牙周受体有效地编码牙齿负荷。相比之下，只有少数受体编码着咬食物时所产生的力量的快速而强劲的增长。 4.结论是，人类使用牙周传入信号来控制与口内食物操作相关的下颌动作，而不是施加下颌动力动作。因此，缺乏来自牙周受体信息的患者会表现出对下颌骨精细运动控制的损害。

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