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Can enantioselectivity be computed in enthalpic barrierless reactions? the case of Cu~I-catalyzed cyclopropanation of alkenes

机译:可以在焓无障碍反应中计算对映选择性吗? Cu〜I催化的烯烃环丙烷化反应

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摘要

An extensive computational study has been carried out on different catalytic systems for cyclopropanation reactions based on copper. Most DFT schemes used present drawbacks that preclude the calculation of accurate absolute kinetic properties (energy barriers) of such systems, excepting the M05 and M06 suites of density functionals. On the other hand, there is a wide range of DFT methods capable of reproducing relative energy values, which can be easily translated into selectivities. Most of the theoretical levels used tend to overestimate activation barriers, allowing the location of the transition state (TS) on the potential-energy surface (PES) of the most reactive systems, which are probably artifacts of the method. However, after a thorough analysis of the calculated PES, and the origin of the energy differences obtained for the different alkene approaches in chiral systems, it is found that energy differences are almost constant over a wide range of geometries covering the reaction channel zone in which the true TS on the Gibbs free-energy surface (GFES) lies. Therefore, many computational schemes can still be used confidently to explain and predict enantioselectivities in these systems.
机译:已经对基于铜的环丙烷化反应的不同催化体系进行了广泛的计算研究。除M05和M06密度功能套件外,大多数使用的DFT方案都存在一些缺点,无法计算此类系统的精确绝对动力学特性(能垒)。另一方面,存在多种能够再现相对能量值的DFT方法,这些相对能量值可以容易地转化为选择性。所使用的大多数理论水平都倾向于高估激活障碍,从而将过渡态(TS)定位在最具反应性的系统的势能表面(PES)上,这很可能是该方法的产物。但是,在对计算得出的PES进行彻底分析之后,以及针对手性体系中不同烯烃方法获得的能量差的来源,发现在覆盖反应通道区域的各种几何结构中,能量差几乎是恒定的吉布斯自由能表面(GFES)上的真实TS在于。因此,许多计算方案仍然可以放心地用于解释和预测这些系统中的对映选择性。

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