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首页> 外文期刊>Chemistry: A European journal >Chemistry of Lipid A: At the Heart of Innate Immunity
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Chemistry of Lipid A: At the Heart of Innate Immunity

机译：脂质A的化学：天然免疫的核心

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In many Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its lipid A moiety are pivotal for bacterial survival. Depending on its structure, lipid A carries the toxic properties of the LPS and acts as a potent elicitor of the host innate immune system via the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (TLR4/MD-2) receptor complex. It often causes a wide variety of biological effects ranging from a remarkable enhancement of the resistance to the infection to an uncontrolled and massive immune response resulting in sepsis and septic shock. Since the bioactivity of lipid A is strongly influenced by its primary structure, a broad range of chemical syntheses of lipid A derivatives have made an enormous contribution to the characterization of lipid A bioactivity, providing novel pharmacological targets for the development of new biomedical therapies. Here, we describe and discuss the chemical aspects regarding lipid A and its role in innate immunity, from the (bio)synthesis, isolation and characterization to the molecular recognition at the atomic level.
机译：在许多革兰氏阴性细菌中，脂多糖（LPS）及其脂质A部分对于细菌存活至关重要。脂质A取决于其结构，具有LPS的毒性，并通过Toll样受体4 /髓样分化因子2（TLR4 / MD-2）受体复合物充当宿主先天免疫系统的有效激发剂。它通常会引起多种生物学效应，范围从对感染的抵抗力显着增强到导致败血症和败血性休克的不受控制的大规模免疫反应。由于脂质A的生物活性受到其一级结构的强烈影响，因此脂质A衍生物的广泛化学合成对脂质A生物活性的表征做出了巨大贡献，为开发新的生物医学疗法提供了新的药理学靶标。在这里，我们描述和讨论有关脂质A及其在先天免疫中的作用的化学方面，从（生物）合成，分离和表征到原子水平的分子识别。

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