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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Annual and multiannual production of different artichoke cultivars in northern Spain
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Annual and multiannual production of different artichoke cultivars in northern Spain

机译：西班牙北部不同洋蓟品种的年产量和多年产量

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Artichoke production in Spain is almost exclusively based on the clonal propagating cultivar 'Blanca de Tudela'. In Navarre, the cradle of the 'Blanca de Tudela', planting is most commonly carried out during the first ten days of August, with the plants spending the winter in a rosette shape with no head production, although early planting in July is becoming increasingly common, with the aim of obtaining autumn yields. Its autumn harvest is a very important aspect of this crop, due to the high pricereached by heads on the fresh produce market during this season. In Navarre, due to the marketing of propagation material (cuttings), artichokes are mainly grown as an annual crop. However, in Spain's main artichoke producing regions, near the Mediterranean coast, plantations tend to last for two or three years. This paper studies the precocity and yield of four seed cultivars in comparison with 'Blanca de Tudela' over the course of three consecutive seasons, leaving the plants in the field between harvests. While in the case of 'Blanca de Tudela' production precocity was increased during the second and third seasons, in the seed artichoke cultivars, keeping the plants in the field for several consecutive seasons failed to affect their precocity, withharvests always being in spring, and very late at that. A greater degree of plant material degradation was observed over the course of the three seasons, with a gradually smaller percentage of plants producing heads. This is reflected in the commercialyield results, which drop as the plants grow older.
机译：西班牙的朝鲜蓟生产几乎完全基于克隆繁殖品种'Blanca de Tudela'。在纳瓦拉（Blanca de Tudela）的摇篮中，播种通常是在8月的前十天进行，尽管越过7月的早期播种越来越多，但这些植物过冬时呈玫瑰花状，没有头顶生长。常见的目的是获得秋季产量。由于本季新鲜农产品市场上的价格高昂，秋季收获是该作物非常重要的方面。在纳瓦拉，由于销售繁殖​​材料（插条），朝鲜蓟主要作为一年生作物种植。但是，在地中海沿岸附近的西班牙主要朝鲜蓟产区，人工林往往可持续两三年。与“ Blanca de Tudela”相比，本文在连续三个季节的过程中研究了四个种子品种的早熟和产量，使植物在收获之间留在田间。在第二个和第三个季节中，“ Blanca de Tudela”的生产早熟性有所提高，而在朝鲜蓟种子品种中，连续数个季节将其留在田间并没有影响其早熟性，收获总是在春季进行，而那时很晚。在三个季节的过程中，观察到较高程度的植物材料降解，而逐渐减少的植物产生抽穗的百分比。这反映在商业产量的结果上，随着植物的长大而下降。

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