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首页> 外文期刊>Cortex: A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior >Impaired cerebellar learning in children with prenatal alcohol exposure: a comparative study of eyeblink conditioning in children with ADHD and dyslexia.
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Impaired cerebellar learning in children with prenatal alcohol exposure: a comparative study of eyeblink conditioning in children with ADHD and dyslexia.

机译：产前酒精暴露儿童的小脑学习障碍：多动症和阅读障碍儿童的眨眼条件比较研究。

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Neuroanatomical and behavioral evidence indicate that the cerebellum is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. Recent research has shown impairments in eyeblink conditioning in rats following binge-like neonatal ethanol exposure. The neural substrates of eyeblink conditioning have been localized to the cerebellum and related brainstem mechanisms. The present study considered whether heavy prenatal alcohol exposure would result in similar impairments in eyeblink conditioning in children. A related purpose was to determine if eyeblink conditioning could discriminate between children with prenatal alcohol exposure and children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactive disorder or developmental dyslexia. Fifty-three age-matched children [10 prenatal alcohol exposure (FAE), 16 attention deficit hyperactive disordered (ADHD), 14 children with dyslexia (DYS), 13 normal controls] were assessed on eyeblink conditioning in the delay paradigm. Children in the FAE and DYS groups failed to learn the conditioned response, producing longer latencies and poorly timed responses to the conditioning stimulus. Children with ADHD were impaired on measures of adaptively timed responses, although conditioned responses matched normal controls. The results suggest that children prenatally exposed to alcohol have deficits in cerebellar processing similar to those with dyslexia, and that these functional deficits are related to disabilities in learning.
机译：神经解剖学和行为学证据表明，小脑特别容易受到产前酒精暴露的毒性作用。最近的研究表明，暴饮暴食的新生儿乙醇暴露后，大鼠的眨眼条件受到损害。眨眼调节的神经底物已定位于小脑和相关的脑干机制。本研究考虑了大量的产前酒精暴露是否会导致儿童眨眼条件的类似损害。一个相关的目的是确定眨眼条件是否可以区分产前饮酒的儿童和诊断为注意力缺陷多动障碍或发育困难的儿童。在延迟范例中评估了眨眼条件，对53名年龄相匹配的儿童[10名产前酒精暴露（FAE），16名注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），14名阅读障碍儿童（DYS），13名正常对照]进行了评估。 FAE和DYS组中的儿童无法学习条件刺激，从而导致更长的等待时间和对条件刺激的不良反应。尽管有条件的反应与正常对照相匹配，但患有ADHD的儿童在适应性定时反应的测量上却受到了损害。结果表明，产前暴露于酒精的儿童与阅读困难的儿童类似，在小脑加工方面存在缺陷，并且这些功能缺陷与学习障碍有关。

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