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Visual and instrumental correlation of sparkle by the magnitude estimation method

机译：震级的视觉和仪器相关性

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摘要

Most real surfaces and objects show variations in appearance with viewing and illumination directions. Besides angular dependency, they also show spatial variation in color, i.e., they exhibit some sort of texture. Of the surfaces we see, surfaces colored by special-effect pigments produce several complex visual effects, like change in color and lightness with viewing and illumination angles, and effects like sparkle and gloss on other textures. In the last two decades, different commercial devices have appeared to help ensure the proper characterization of materials with special-effect pigments. However, the instrumental characterization of sparkle is currently available only by a commercial device integrated into a multi-angle spectrophotometer. As it is difficult to find complete open original studies about the sparkle effect for designing and calibrating this commercial instrument, the main objective of this work was to check whether a good visual and instrumental correlation exists between the sparkle that the observer perceives and the sparkle value provided by the device using some subsets of goniochromatic samples with different types of special-effect pigments and colors. Visual assessments were made by a conventional magnitude estimation method in a directional lighting booth, which belonged to the same company owner of the sparkle instrument, in different geometries and at distinct illuminance levels. The results revealed that there was a good visual correlation of the sparkle grade value. By separately analyzing the factors used in its instrument algorithm, such as sparkle intensity and sparkle area values, it was clearly shown that the correlation was not good or simply did not exist. Consequently, and perhaps in regards to the choice of new special-effect pigments, such as synthetic mica and other future ones, we generated herein even more questions about current mathematical algorithms, and only recognized calculating this texture effect at the industrial level. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America.
机译：大多数真实的表面和对象在外观和照明方向上都会显示出变化。除了角度依赖性之外，它们还显示颜色的空间变化，即，它们表现出某种纹理。在我们看到的表面中，用特殊效果颜料着色的表面会产生多种复杂的视觉效果，例如颜色和亮度随视角和照明角度的变化，以及其他纹理上的闪光和光泽等效果。在过去的二十年中，出现了各种不同的商用设备，以帮助确保具有特殊效果颜料的材料的正确表征。但是，目前只有通过集成到多角度分光光度计中的商用设备才能获得火花的仪器表征。由于很难找到有关设计和校准该商用仪器的火花效果的完整公开原始研究，因此这项工作的主要目的是检查观察者感知到的火花与火花值之间是否存在良好的视觉和仪器相关性。由设备使用一些不同类型的特殊效果颜料和颜色的角色样本的子集提供。视觉评估是通过常规幅度估计方法在定向照明棚中进行的，定向照明棚属于火花仪器的同一公司所有者，具有不同的几何形状和不同的照度级别。结果表明，闪光等级值具有良好的视觉相关性。通过单独分析仪器算法中使用的因素，例如闪光强度和闪光面积值，可以清楚地表明相关性不好或根本不存在。因此，也许在选择新的特殊效果颜料（例如合成云母和其他未来颜料）方面，我们在此处提出了有关当前数学算法的更多问题，并且仅认识到在工业水平上计算这种纹理效果。 （C）2016年美国眼镜学会。

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