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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Microwave-assisted solid state intercalation of Rhodamine B and polycarbazole in bentonite clay interlayer space: structural characterization and photophysics of double intercalation
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Microwave-assisted solid state intercalation of Rhodamine B and polycarbazole in bentonite clay interlayer space: structural characterization and photophysics of double intercalation

机译：膨润土夹层空间中若丹明B和聚咔唑的微波辅助固态插层：双插层的结构表征和光物理

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Intercalation of organic moieties in layered double hydroxides/clays has been used to obtain various hybrid compounds with enhanced properties and wide ranging applications. Most intercalation of organic moieties into clays is performed in aqueous media through the mechanism of ion exchange. However, intercalation of organic moieties in clays can also occur through diffusion in the solid state if the process is carried out under microwave irradiation. We have attempted in this study to investigate, for the first time, the double intercalation of two organic moieties, Rhodamine B and polycarbazole, in bentonite clay galleries in the solid state through microwave irradiation at controlled temperatures of 30 degrees C and 50 degrees C. Polycarbazole was simultaneously polymerized from carbazole under the above experimental conditions. Optical micrography revealed the intercalation of both Rhodamine B and polycarbazole. Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN) analysis quantitatively indicated the intercalated amounts of the two moieties. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the orientations of the Rhodamine B and polycarbazole molecules and how the higher loading of Rhodamine B and polycarbazole distorts the lattice of the bentonite clay. Confocal microscopy distinctly showed the presence of both Rhodamine B and polycarbazole in the interlayer space. Quantum yield (Phi) values more explicitly demonstrated the effect of increasing the amounts of Rhodamine B and polycarbazole in the clay galleries. The fluorescence lifetimes (tau(f)), intrinsic fluorescence decay constants (k(f)(circle)) and internal conversion constants (k(IC)) showed consistent and distinct values for the double intercalation variables. The symmetrical configuration of Rhodamine B molecules was deformed by distortion of the dihedral angles of the pendant phenylene and carboxylate groups in the clay galleries. These distortions created fluorescence states with different decay times and energies.
机译：在层状双氢氧化物/粘土中插入有机部分已用于获得各种杂化化合物，这些杂化化合物具有增强的性能和广泛的应用范围。有机部分插入粘土中的大多数过程是通过离子交换机制在水性介质中进行的。但是，如果该过程在微波辐射下进行，则也可以通过固态扩散而在粘土中插入有机部分。我们已尝试在这项研究中首次通过在30°C和50°C的受控温度下进行微波辐照，研究固态膨润土粘土廊道中两种有机部分（若丹明B和聚咔唑）的双重嵌入。在上述实验条件下，同时从咔唑聚合聚咔唑。光学显微照片揭示了若丹明B和聚咔唑的夹层。碳，氢和氮（CHN）分析定量显示了两个部分的插入量。 X射线衍射分析显示了若丹明B和聚咔唑分子的取向，以及若丹明B和聚咔唑的较高负载如何使膨润土的晶格扭曲。共聚焦显微镜清楚地显示在层间空间中同时存在若丹明B和聚咔唑。量子产率（Phi）值更明确地证明了增加粘土画廊中若丹明B和聚咔唑的数量的效果。荧光寿命（tau（f）），固有荧光衰减常数（k（f）（圆圈））和内部转换常数（k（IC））对双插值变量显示出一致且不同的值。若丹明B分子的对称构型由于粘土画廊中亚苯基和羧酸根侧基的二面角变形而变形。这些畸变产生具有不同衰减时间和能量的荧光状态。

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