We present a noninterferometric single-shot quantitative phase microscopy technique with the use of the transport of intensity equation (TIE). The optical configuration is based on a Michelson-like architecture attached to a non-modified inverted transmission bright field microscope. Two laterally separated images from different focal planes can be obtained simultaneously by a single camera exposure, enabling the TIE phase recovery to be performed at frame rates that are only camera limited. Precise measurement of a microlens array validates the principle and demonstrates the accuracy of the method. Investigations of chemical-induced apoptosis and the phagocytosis process of macrophages are then presented, suggesting that the method developed can provide promising applications in the dynamic study of cellular processes.
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