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首页> 外文期刊>Crop Science >Did modern plant breeding lead to genetic erosion in European winter wheat varieties?
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Did modern plant breeding lead to genetic erosion in European winter wheat varieties?

机译：现代植物育种是否会导致欧洲冬小麦品种的遗传侵蚀？

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摘要

The objective of this study was to assess whether modern plant breeding has led to any loss of genetic diversity in modern European winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.). For this purpose, a collection of 511 widely grown winter wheat varieties of Central and Northern Europe was genotyped with 42 microsatellite markers. In the varieties representing the National List of the UK during the 1980s and 1990s the allelic richness and gene diversity were lower than in the varieties of Recommended Lists covering the time period 1945-2000. However, no apparent quantitative loss of genetic diversity was found by comparing the different decadal groups of varieties present in the Recommended Lists. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the variance component among varieties within decadal groups accounted for 96.41% of the genetic variation, but among decadal groups only for 3.59%. The Fst values increased from the 1950s to the 1990s compared to the 1940s with a slight decrease in the 1970s. These results suggested that modern plant breeding has resulted in changes of alleles present in the germplasm; however, it appears that modern plant breeding has resulted in no apparent loss of allele numbers, or genetic diversity, in the investigated European wheat varieties over time..
机译：这项研究的目的是评估现代植物育种是否导致现代欧洲冬小麦品种（Triticum aestivum L.）的遗传多样性丧失。为此，对中欧和北欧511种广泛种植的冬小麦品种进行了基因分型，并带有42个微卫星标记。在代表1980年代和1990年代英国国家清单的品种中，等位基因的丰富度和基因多样性低于1945-2000年期间推荐清单的品种。但是，通过比较推荐列表中存在的不同年代的品种，没有发现遗传多样性的明显定量损失。分子变异分析（AMOVA）显示，十年组中品种之间的变异成分占遗传变异的96.41％，而十年组中品种之间的变异成分仅占3.59％。与1940年代相比，Fst值从1950年代到1990年代有所增加，而1970年代则略有下降。这些结果表明，现代植物育种导致种质中存在的等位基因发生变化。但是，随着时间的推移，现代植物育种似乎并未使被调查的欧洲小麦品种的等位基因数量或遗传多样性明显减少。

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