首页> 外文期刊>The journal of physical chemistry, A. Molecules, spectroscopy, kinetics, environment, & general theory >Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Studies of the Molecular Geometry and Electronic Structure of Classical and Nonclassical Radical Ions Derived from 7-Benzhydrylidenenorbornene Analogues
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Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Studies of the Molecular Geometry and Electronic Structure of Classical and Nonclassical Radical Ions Derived from 7-Benzhydrylidenenorbornene Analogues

机译:光谱和密度泛函理论研究衍生自7-苯氢基降冰片烯类似物的经典和非经典自由基离子的分子几何结构和电子结构

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摘要

A spectroscopic study,using nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis and gamma-irradiation of low-temperature matrices,was undertaken along with a theoretical study using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations to gain insight into the molecular geometry and electronic structure of radical cations and radical anions of 7-benzhydrylidenenorbornene (4) and its derivatives 6-8.The radical ions 4~(centre dot +),6~(centre dot +),7~(centre dot +),8~(centre dot +),4~(centre dot +),6~(centre dot +),7~(centre dot +),and 8~(centre dot +) exhibited clear absorption bands in the 350-800 nm region,which were reproduced successfully from the electronic transitions calculated with TD-UB3LYP/cc-pVDZ.Radical cations 4~(centre dot +) and 8~(centre dot +) are consistent with a bent structure having a delocalized electronic state where the spin and charge are delocalized not only in the benzhydrylidene subunit but also in the residual subunit.In contrast,6~(centre dot +) and 7~(centre dot +) have nonbent structures with a localized electronic state where their spin and charge are localized in the benzhydrylidene subunit only.Therefore,4~(centre dot +) and 8~(centre dot +) have a nonclassical nature,with 6~(centre dot +) and 7~(centre dot +) possessing a classical nature.In contrast,in the radical anion system,7~(centre dot +) and ~(centre dot +) are considered nonclassical,and 4~(centre dot +) and 6~(centre dot +) are classical.Orbital interaction theory and DFT calculations can account fully for the spectroscopic features,molecular geometries,and electronic structures of the radical ions.For example,the shift of the absorption bands and the nonclassical nature of 4~(centre dot +) are due to the antibonding character of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of 4,and those of 7~(centre dot -) arise from the bonding character of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of 7.A topological agreement of p-orbitals at C-2,C-3 (or C-5,C-6),and C-7 produces strong electronic coupling with an antibonding or a bonding character in the frontier orbitals.It is the ethylene and butadiene skeleton at C-2-C-3 (or C-5-C-6),with its contrasting topology in the HOMO and LUMO of the neutral precursor,that holds the key to deducing the nonclassical nature of the 7-benzhydrylidenenorbornene-type radical cation and radical anion systems.
机译:通过使用纳秒级时间分辨的激光闪光光解和低温基质的伽马射线辐照进行了光谱研究,并使用密度泛函理论(DFT)和时变(TD)-DFT计算进行了理论研究,以深入了解7-苯二氢降冰片烯(4)及其衍生物6-8的自由基阳离子和自由基阴离子的分子几何结构和电子结构。自由基离子4〜(中心点+),6〜(中心点+),7〜(中心点) +),8〜(中心点+),4〜(中心点+),6〜(中心点+),7〜(中心点+)和8〜(中心点+)在350中显示出清晰的吸收带-800 nm区域,是通过TD-UB3LYP / cc-pVDZ计算出的电子跃迁成功复制的。自由基阳离子4〜(中心点+)和8〜(中心点+)与具有离域电子的弯曲结构一致自旋和电荷不仅在二苯亚甲基亚基中而且在剩余的亚基中都离域的状态。相反,6〜(d ot +)和7〜(中心点+)具有非弯曲结构,其自旋和电荷仅局限在苯二氢亚基中,因此4〜(中心点+)和8〜(中心点+)具有非经典性质,具有6〜(中心点+)和7〜(中心点+)具有经典性质。相反,在自由基阴离子体系中,考虑7〜(中心点+)和〜(中心点+)非经典的,并且4〜(中心点+)和6〜(中心点+)是经典的。轨道相互作用理论和DFT计算可以充分考虑自由基离子的光谱特征,分子几何结构和电子结构。吸收带的移动和4〜(中心点+)的非经典性质是由于4的最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)的抗键性所致,而7〜(中心点-)的抗键性是由键合特性引起的最低的7个未占用分子轨道(LUMO)的对位C-2,C-3(或C-5,C-6)的p轨道拓扑协议,C-7产生强电子耦合,在前沿轨道具有反键或键合特性。它是C-2-C-3(或C-5-C-6)处的乙烯和丁二烯骨架,与之相反中性前体的HOMO和LUMO中的拓扑结构,这是推断7-苯二氢降冰片烯型自由基阳离子和自由基阴离子系统的非经典性质的关键。

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