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首页> 外文期刊>Current directions in psychological science: a journal of the American Psychological Society >Socioeconomic Status and Health: What Is the Role of Reserve Capacity?
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Socioeconomic Status and Health: What Is the Role of Reserve Capacity?

机译：社会经济地位与健康：储备能力的作用是什么？

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摘要

A robust, linear association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health has been identified across many populations and health outcomes. This relationship is typically monotonic, so that each step down the SES hierarchy brings increased vulnerability to disease and premature mortality. Despite growing attention to health disparities, scientists and policymakers have made little progress toward confronting their causes and implementing effective solutions. Using the reserve capacity model (Gallo & Matthews, 2003) as an organizing framework, the current article examines the contribution of resilient psychosocial resources to socioeconomic disparities in physical health. Findings suggest that deficient psychosocial resources, such as low perceptions of control and social support, may be one of many factors that connect low SES with poor health. Additional research is needed to test these relationships and their underlying mechanisms, to consider interventions to enhance reserve capacity, and to evaluate the efficacy of such efforts in fostering resilience to socioeconomic hardship.
机译：已经在许多人群和健康结果中确定了社会经济状况（SES）与健康之间的稳固线性关联。这种关系通常是单调的，因此，在SES层次结构中的每一步都会增加对疾病和过早死亡的脆弱性。尽管人们越来越关注卫生差距，但科学家和政策制定者在对抗其根源和实施有效解决方案方面进展甚微。使用储备能力模型（Gallo＆Matthews，2003）作为组织框架，本篇文章探讨了弹性社会心理资源对身体健康中社会经济差异的贡献。研究结果表明，缺乏社会心理资源，例如缺乏对控制和社会支持的认识，可能是将低SES与健康状况不佳联系起来的许多因素之一。需要进行其他研究，以检验这些关系及其潜在机制，考虑采取干预措施以增强储备能力，并评估此类努力在增强抵御社会经济困难的能力方面的效力。

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