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Surfactant-aided dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in aqueous solution

机译：碳纳米材料在水溶液中的表面活性剂 - 辅助分散体

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Carbon nanomaterials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes possess great thermophysical properties which make them very good candidates for heat transfer application. However, the major challenge of these nanomaterials is their tendency to agglomerate and bundle together when dispersed in base fluids. This study reviews the homogeneous dispersion of these nanomaterials in aqueous solution with the aid of surfactants. The different surfactants and their characterization methods for stable dispersion of carbon nanomaterials have been examined. The influence of surfactants on the thermophysical and rheological properties of carbon-based nanofluids was also highlighted. The usefulness of noncovalent functionalization using surfactants is due to its ability to efficiently unbundle carbon nanomaterials and sustain homogeneity of the nanofluids without compromising the integrity of their structure. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfate (SDBS), Gum Arabic (GA), Triton X-100, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) are the commonly used surfactants. Unlike SDS, SDBS, and CTAB, GA does not foam when agitated. Various authors have investigated the stability of carbon-based nanofluids. Both physical and chemical techniques have been used to stabilize nanofluids. Mixed surfactants were found to stably disperse nanomaterials at lower concentrations compared to individual surfactants. However, limited studies exist for long term stability of carbon-based nanofluids.
机译：碳纳米材料如石墨烯和碳纳米管具有很大的热理性质，使其使其非常好的传热应用候选者。然而，这些纳米材料的主要挑战是它们在分散在基础流体中时凝聚和捆扎在一起的倾向。该研究借助表面活性剂介绍这些纳米材料在水溶液中的均匀分散。已经研究了不同的表面活性剂及其用于稳定分散的碳纳米材料分散的方法。表面活性剂对碳基纳米流体热性和流变性质的影响也突出显示。使用表面活性剂的非共价官能化的有用性是由于其有效地卸下碳纳米材料并维持纳米流体的均匀性而不会影响其结构的完整性。十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS），十二烷基苯硫酸钠（SDB），阿拉伯语（GA），Triton X-100和溴化乙酰溴（CTAB）是常用的表面活性剂。与SDS，SDB和CTAB不同，GA在搅拌时不会泡沫。各种作者研究了碳纳米流体的稳定性。物理和化学技术均已用于稳定纳米流体。发现混合表面活性剂与个体表面活性剂相比，在较低浓度下稳定地分散纳米材料。然而，存在有限的研究，用于基于碳基纳米流体的长期稳定性。

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