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Stabilization and dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in aqueous solutions: A review

机译：碳纳米材料在水溶液中的稳定性和分散性

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摘要

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have become candidates for numerous applications in nanocomposites, microelectric devices, sensors, energy storage, microelectronics, biomedicines, and mechanical resonators. However, a key challenge is how to enhance the dispersion and stabilization of CNMs in water. Thus, this review summarizes recent progress on the stabilization and dispersion of various CNMs (such as carbon nanotubes, graphene (oxides), and fullerenes) in aqueous solutions. The stabilization and dispersion of target CNMs is reviewed to address the effects of water quality conditions (pH, ionic strength, temperature), natural/synthetic dispersing agents, and the effects of ultrasonication, acidification, and/or UV irradiation on dispersion and stabilization. Applications of CNMs are also briefly addressed regarding removing micropollutants by adsorption in water and wastewater treatment. The outlook for future research challenges on CNMs is also discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：碳纳米材料（CNM）已成为纳米复合材料，微电子器件，传感器，能量存储，微电子，生物医学和机械谐振器中众多应用的候选者。但是，关键的挑战是如何增强CNM在水中的分散和稳定性。因此，本综述总结了各种CNM（例如碳纳米管，石墨烯（氧化物）和富勒烯）在水溶液中稳定和分散的最新进展。审查了目标CNM的稳定性和分散性，以解决水质条件（pH，离子强度，温度），天然/合成分散剂以及超声，酸化和/或UV辐射对分散性和稳定性的影响。 CNM的应用也简要介绍了在水和废水处理中通过吸附去除微量污染物的问题。还讨论了CNM未来研究挑战的前景。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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