Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic vascular inflammation fueled by both systemic and local immune responses. Instigators of inflammation and ensuing immune responses are thought to arise from lipid per-oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles trapped in the vascular wall during hyperlipidemia. Recent studies change our view of which immune cells drive the disease process and which immune cells are associated with development of protective immunity.
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