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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >Dietary fish intake and the risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: New insights
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Dietary fish intake and the risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: New insights

机译：饮食中鱼类的摄入与2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险：新见解

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摘要

Current dietary guidelines emphasize regular consumption of fish, with at least two servings of fish per week, one of which should be sea fish. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), mainly found in fatty fish, have been attributed beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors like vascular resistance, inflammation and blood lipids [1]. Trials with fish oil supplements resulted in lower coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality [2], whereas no clear benefit was observed on glucose-insulin homeostasis [3]; however, results were mixed. As no long-term trials have been conducted yet, large observational studies with long follow-up could provide valuable insight. In prospective observational studies, fish intake was associated with lower CHD risk and CHD mortality [4,5]. As for type 2 diabetes, there was no clear association of intakes of fish or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexae-noic acid (DHA) with risk in recent meta-analyses [6-11]. However, results of the original studies were mixed and there was significant heterogeneity based on the geographical region of the study population (inverse association in Asian/Australian populations, no association in European populations, direct association in US populations). The purpose of this article is to summarize the most important findings from observational studies published during the last year.
机译：当前的饮食准则强调定期食用鱼，每周至少食用两份鱼，其中之一应为海鱼。长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）主要存在于脂肪鱼类中，被认为对心血管危险因素（如血管阻力，炎症和血脂）具有有益作用[1]。用鱼油补充剂进行的试验可降低冠心病（CHD）的死亡率[2]，而对葡萄糖-胰岛素稳态的观察则没有明显的获益[3]。但是，结果好坏参半。由于尚未进行长期试验，因此长期随访的大型观察性研究可能会提供有价值的见解。在前瞻性观察研究中，鱼的摄入与较低的冠心病风险和冠心病死亡率相关[4,5]。对于2型糖尿病，最近的荟萃分析[6-11]中，鱼类或二十碳五烯酸（EPA）/二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的摄入与风险没有明显关联。但是，原始研究的结果参差不齐，并且根据研究人群的地理区域存在显着的异质性（亚洲/澳大利亚人群成反比，欧洲人群成无关联，美国人群成直接关联）。本文的目的是总结去年发表的观察性研究中最重要的发现。

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