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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in pharmacology >Opioids: cellular mechanisms of tolerance and physical dependence.
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Opioids: cellular mechanisms of tolerance and physical dependence.

机译：阿片类药物：耐受性和身体依赖性的细胞机制。

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Morphine and other opioids are used and abused for their analgesic and rewarding properties. Tolerance to these effects develops over hours/days to weeks, as can physical and psychological dependence. Despite much investigation, the precise cellular mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance and dependence remain elusive. Recent studies examining mu-opioid receptor desensitization and trafficking have revealed several potential mechanisms for acute receptor regulation. Other studies have reported changes in many other proteins that develop during chronic opioid treatment or withdrawal and such changes may be partly responsible for the cellular and synaptic adaptations to prolonged opioid exposure. While these studies have added to our knowledge of the cellular processes participating in opioid tolerance and dependence, the challenge remains to integrate these observations into a coherent explanation of the complex changes observed in whole animals chronically exposed to opioids.
机译：吗啡和其他阿片类药物因其止痛和有益作用而被滥用。对这些影响的耐受性会在数小时/日至数周的时间内发展，身体和心理依赖性也会逐渐增强。尽管进行了大量研究，但阿片类药物耐受性和依赖性的确切细胞机制仍然难以捉摸。最近对mu阿片类药物受体脱敏和运输的研究发现了几种潜在的急性受体调节机制。其他研究已经报道了在慢性阿片类药物治疗或戒断过程中产生的许多其他蛋白质的变化，这些变化可能部分归因于细胞和突触对长时间阿片类药物适应的适应。尽管这些研究使我们对参与阿片样物质耐受性和依赖性的细胞过程有了更多的了解，但仍存在挑战，要将这些观察结果整合到对长期暴露于阿片类药物的整个动物中观察到的复杂变化的一致解释中。

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