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Sub-lethal Levels of Electric Current Elicit the Biosynthesis of Plant Secondary Metabolites

机译：亚致死水平的电流引发了植物次生代谢物的生物合成

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Many secondary metabolites that are normally undetectable or in low amounts in healthy plant tissue are synthesized in high amounts in response to microbial infection. Various abiotic and biotic agents have been shown to mimic microorganisms and act as elicitors of the synthesis of these plant compounds. In the present study, sub-lethal levels of electric current are shown to elicit the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in transgenic and non-transgenic plant tissue. The production of the phytoalexin (+)-pisatin by pea was used as the main model system. Non-transgenic pea hairy roots treated with 30-100 mA of electric current produced 13 times higher amounts of (+)-pisatin than did the non-elicited controls. Electrically elicited transgenic pea hairy root cultures blocked at various enzymatic steps in the (+)-pisatin biosynthetic pathway also accumulated intermediates preceding the blocked enzymatic step. Secondary metabolites not usually produced by pea accumulated in some of the transgenic root cultures after electric elicitation due to the diversion of the intermediates into new pathways. The amount of pisatin in the medium bathing the roots of electro-elicited roots of hydroponically cultivated pea plants was 10 times higher 24 h after elicitation than in the medium surrounding the roots of non-elicited control plants, showing not only that the electric current elicited (+)-pisatin biosynthesis but also that the (+)-pisatin was released from the roots. Seedlings, intact roots or cell suspension cultures of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), barrel medic, (Medicago truncatula), Arabidopsis thaliana, red clover (Trifolium pratense) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) also produced increased levels of secondary metabolites in response to electro-elicitation. On the basis of our results, electric current would appear to be a general elicitor of plant secondary metabolites and to have potential for application in both basic and commercial research.
机译：通常在健康植物组织中通常不可检测或低量的许多次级代谢物，响应于微生物感染，以大量合成。已经显示出各种非生物和生物试剂模拟微生物，并充当这些植物化合物的合成的elictors。在本研究中，示出了电流的亚致死水平，以引发转基因和非转基因植物组织中的次级代谢物的生物合成。用豌豆的植物脂素（+） - 皮汀的生产用作主要模型系统。用30-100 mA的电流处理的非转基因豌豆毛的根部产生了13倍，比非引发对照组量高的量增加了13倍。在（+） - 皮蛋白生物合成途径中的各种酶促步骤中封闭电引发的转基因豌豆纹培养物也累积了酶酶前步骤前的中间体。由于中间体转移到新的途径，通常不受在电诱导之后积聚在一些转基因根培养物中的胚率产生的次级代谢物。培养培养基中的分类量的培养基的数量比在非引发对照植物的根源周围的介质中均为浓缩的水矿物栽培豌豆植物的电植物植物的根部较高10倍，不仅显示出电流引起的电流（+） - 皮斯辛生物合成，但（+） - 皮汀从根部释放。苗木，完整根或细胞悬浮培养物（Trigonella foenum-graecum），桶军医，（Medicago truncatula），拟南芥，红三叶草（三叶草）和鹰嘴豆（Cicer Arietinum）也产生了增加的次生代谢物水平电射电。在我们的结果的基础上，电流似乎是植物次级代谢产物的一般引导者，并在基础和商业研究中具有潜力。

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